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Unit 10 语序的变换

Unit 10 语序的变换. 教学目的要求： 熟练掌握汉英翻译中语序转换的技巧，特别是弄清楚定语和状语的位置，使得汉英译文符合英语用法。 教学重点： 弄清楚定语和状语的位置，并进行适当的转换。 教学难点： 准确变换语序，使译文准确、地道。. 语序：句子成分和词语的先后顺序，例如定语和状语的位置。. 定语的位置. 英语中，单词，短语，从句等都可作为定语，其位置要根据英语的习惯来判定。一般来说，单词放在所修饰的名词前，短语与从句放其后。. 精湛的工艺 （工艺精湛） fine workmanship 新形势 new circumstances 休息用的车子

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Unit 10 语序的变换

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  1. Unit 10 语序的变换

  2. 教学目的要求： • 熟练掌握汉英翻译中语序转换的技巧，特别是弄清楚定语和状语的位置，使得汉英译文符合英语用法。 • 教学重点： • 弄清楚定语和状语的位置，并进行适当的转换。 • 教学难点： • 准确变换语序，使译文准确、地道。

  3. 语序：句子成分和词语的先后顺序，例如定语和状语的位置。

  4. 定语的位置 • 英语中，单词，短语，从句等都可作为定语，其位置要根据英语的习惯来判定。一般来说，单词放在所修饰的名词前，短语与从句放其后。

  5. 精湛的工艺 （工艺精湛） • fine workmanship • 新形势 • new circumstances • 休息用的车子 • a sleeping car • 一支落败的军队 • a defeated army

  6. 西方大国 • a western power • 一个承认中国的西方大国 • a western power that recognizes China • 第一个承认中国的西方大国 • the first western power to recognize China / that recognizes China

  7. 1)英国是第一个承认中国的西方大国。 • Britain was the first Western power to recognize China. • 2)在太空中有各种各样肉眼看不见的波。 • There are various kinds of waves invisible to the naked eye in the aerospace.

  8. 3) 日本和我们是一衣带水的邻邦。 • Japan is our close neighbor separated only by a narrow strip of water.

  9. 一些特殊的定语位置some any every no • 1)他想找一个可靠的人帮助工作。 • He wanted to get someone reliable to help in the work. • 2)今天报上有什么重要的消息吗？ • Is there anything important in today’s paper? • 3)咱们到一个安静的地方去吧。 • Let’s go somewhere quiet.

  10. 4)医生为救病人，尽到了一切必要的努力。 • The doctor did everything necessary to save the patient. • 5)这个句子没有什么不对的地方。 • There is nothing wrong with this sentence.

  11. 通常作表语用的形容词作定语必须后置 • 1)他是当今最伟大的诗人。 • He is the greatest poet alive. • 2)到场的来宾中有一些是外国记者。 • The guests present included a few foreign newsmen （出席，必为表语）. (比较：当前的发明 present inventions)

  12. 固定词组 • 联合国秘书长 • Secretary General （of the U.N.） • 当选（尚未就职的）的总统 • the president elect

  13. 某些以－ible 或－able结尾的形容词用作定语时，与every，the only，或形容词最高级连用来修饰名词时，也常放在名词后

  14. 1)我们一定要用一切可能的办法来帮助他们。 • We must help them in every way possible (every possible way). • 2)这是这儿能找到的唯一参考书。 • This is the only reference book available here.

  15. 某些分词用作定语时，也须后置 • 1)他们收下赠送的礼物，十分高兴。 • They were very glad to have accepted the presents offered. • 2)那些唱歌的人大部分是妇女。 • Most of the people singing were women.

  16. 3) 他要求有关的人员都积极参加这项工作。 • He urged those concerned to take an active part in the work. • 4) 想去的人请站起来好吗？ • Will those wishing to go stand up?

  17. 某些表示位置，方向的副词--后置 • 1)这是唯一的出路。 • This is the only way out. • 2)他作了一次国外旅行，刚刚回来。 • He has just returned from his trip abroad.

  18. 状语的位置 • 1) 他整天工作。 • He works all day long. • 2) 他英语说得相当好。 • He speaks English quite well. • 3) 他上班从来没有迟到过。 • He was never late for work.

  19. 4)他们因为下雨取消了那次郊游。 • They cancelled the outing because of the rain. • 5)我是在广州工作时认识她的。 • I made her acquaintance when I was working in Guangzhou. • 6)1980年以来，他只来过北京一次。 • Since 1980, he has come to Beijing once only. (时间状语)

  20. 7)  因有风暴，夜餐延期。 • On account of the storm, the picnic was postponed. （原因状语） • 8) 由于用电作动力，这种小汽车不污染空气。 • Powered by electricity, these small cars do not pollute the air. (非谓语动词结构，过去分词短语，表被动)

  21. 9) 一般来说，理论、计划、或措施的制定都必须要符合外界客观规律。 • Generally speaking, theories, plans and measures must be worked out in accordance with the laws of the objective external world. (固定用法，例如judging from)

  22. 10) 如蒙早日寄来样品或产品册，不胜感激。 • It would be appreciated (表态部分) if samples and / or brochure could be soon forwarded to us（叙事部分）.

  23. Exercise: Please translate the following into English. • 1)他们努力尽可能快的速度提高产量。 • They are working to increase production at the highest speed possible. • 2)这是能想得出的最好解决办法。 • This is the best solution imaginable.

  24. 3)避暑山庄和北京的故宫、山东曲阜的孔庙一样，是中国保存最完好的古代建筑群，也是中国现存规模最大的古典皇家园林。3)避暑山庄和北京的故宫、山东曲阜的孔庙一样，是中国保存最完好的古代建筑群，也是中国现存规模最大的古典皇家园林。 • The Summer Palace of Chengde is one of the three best-preserved magnificent architectural complexes in China, the other two being the Forbidden City in Beijing and The Confucian Temple in Qufu of Shandong Province.

  25. 4) 如果天气合适，我们要到白云山去玩。 • Weather permitting, we’ll go on an excursion to the Baiyun Mountain (Mountain with white clouds). (条件状语，用了非谓语动词结构，现在分词短语，表主动) • 5) 乌云散掉之后，太阳又开始放射光芒。 • The dark clouds having dispersed, the sun shone again. (非谓语动词结构，现在分词的完成式，表主动)

  26. 6) 使他吃惊的是，她不仅没有表扬他，反而批评了他。6) 使他吃惊的是，她不仅没有表扬他，反而批评了他。 • To his surprise, she criticized him instead of praising him. • 7) 我们得早点到达那里。 • We have to be there early. • 8) 会议将于明天下午在国际会议厅举行。 • The meeting will be held in the International Conference Hall tomorrow afternoon.

  27. 9) 我们上星期在她家饱餐了一顿。 • We ate to our hearts’ content at her home last Sunday. • 10) 我们明天早上七点种动身。 • We shall start at seven tomorrow morning. • 11) 他出生在绍兴附近一个小村子里。 • He was born in a small village near Shaoxing.

  28. Good Bye!

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