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The Beginnings of Village Life. The End of Two Ages. Ice Age/Stone Age ended at same time: c. 8,000 B.C. The climate of the earth changed and became warmer Warmer weather brings the birth of farming Plants and animals prospered and food supply increased
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The End of Two Ages • Ice Age/Stone Age ended at same time: c. 8,000 B.C. • The climate of the earth changed and became warmer • Warmer weather brings the birth of farming • Plants and animals prospered and food supply increased • Ppl able to stay in one place (no longer nomads) • The birth of farming marks the end of the Old Stone Age and brought about the New Stone Age • The New Stone Age will last for about 5,000 years
The New Stone Age • Began around 8,000 B.C.;marked the true beginning of civilization • Ppl began to domesticate animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle • Provided them with milk, meat, and hides • Animals were also used to work and hunt
The First Villages • The birth of farming and domestication of animals helped village life • Ppl were no longer nomadic • They could build permanent shelters • They learned to cultivate the land • Types of housing depended on materials available • Wood or clay bricks were common • Rivers were very important for water and transportation (this is a theme we will see again and again…)
Living in CatalHuyuk • CatalHuyuk was a village found in present-day Turkey • Homes were built close to one another • Ppl got around by climbing up and down ladders and across roofs • Entered homes through openings in roofs • Inside homes, there was very little light • Courtyards were centers of culture and socialization • Shrines were religious centers • This is where they worshipped their gods • Decorations were bright and colorful to note their importance
Specialization • Ppl were beginning to specialize, or be trained to do particular jobs, in villages • This was a huge turning point in early civilizations • People have learned unique skills • Weavers provide villages with clothing • Farmers provided villagers with food • Artisans, or craftworkers, provided villagers with new tools or technology, such as obsidian knives • All of these unique skills lead to trade beginning in villages
The Growth of Technology • Technologyadvances in big ways in the New Stone Age • Remember, civilizations always improve upon and make new technology, based on older civilizations • Pottery was becoming a new form of technology • Woven baskets were being replaced by clay pots and bowls • Pottery was a difficult skill to learn
