Tim Kratz, University of Wisconsin-Madison, US

1. The Global Lakes Ecological Observatory Network: merging limnology and information technology to understand lake dynamics at multiple scales Tim Kratz, University of Wisconsin-Madison, US Peter Arzberger, University of California-San Diego, US David Hamilton, University of Waikato, New Zealand Fang-Pang Lin, National Center for High-Performance Computing, Taiwan http://gleon.org Yuan Yang Lake, Taiwan ; photo by Matt Van de Bogert

2. The Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) A grassroots network of lake scientists, engineers, information technology experts institutions and programs instruments data Linked by a common cyberinfrastructure With a goal of understanding lake dynamicsat local, regional, continental, and global scales gleon.org Yuan Yang Lake, Taiwan ; photo by Matt Van de Bogert

3. Science depends on inextricable link among questions, models, and observations Observations Questions sensor networks Models Observations Existing Sensor Networks 100 km 10 km Spatial extent 1 km 100 m 10 m random selection from Ecology 2003 1 m 10 cm Annual Monthly Weekly Daily Hourly Min. Sec. Frequency of measurement Slide courtesy of Paul Hanson Source: Porter, Arzberger,Hanson, Lin, Kratz, et al. Bioscience (2005)

4. GLEON’s Mission Facilitate interaction and build collaborations among an international, multidisciplinary community of researchers focused on understanding, predicting, and communicating the impact of natural and anthropogenic influences on lake ecosystems by developing, deploying, and using networks of emerging observational system technologies and associated cyberinfrastructure. http://gleon.org

5. Some current issues in limnology amenable to “observatory” approach • Source, movement, and fate of carbon in lakes and watersheds • Pelagic/littoral coupling • Role of episodic events, thresholds, and non-linear dynamics • Coupling of physical and biological processes

6. GLEON Activities • Share experience, expertise, and data • Catalyze joint projects • Develop tools • Conduct multi-site training • Create opportunities for students • Meet and communicate regularly

7. Why Grassroots? • Members decide the science agenda • Members initiate activities • Leads to innovative science • Enhances collaborative science • Shortens lag time between ideas and action • Members share expertise and experience • Allows flexibility

8. GLEON Sites GLEON 4 Lammi FI March 2007 GLEON 1 San Diego USA March 2005 GLEON 3 Hsinchu TW October 2006 Lake site Cyber-support site GLEON 2 Townsville AU March 2006

9. The Current Model Portable Lake Metabolism Buoy North Temperate Lakes LTER Wisconsin • Instrumented Platforms • make high frequency observations of key variables • send data to web-accessible database in near real time

10. Base Station/Internet Lake Buoy USGS Gauging Station Relay Tower ~5 km Northern Highland Lake District, Wisconsin Wireless Sensor Network – 900-915 MHz Ethernet

11. Yuan-Yang Lake ( 湖）Ecosite Source Fang-Pang Lin

12. Scalable instrumentation and cyberfrastructure is critical We can do this scale now http://lakemetabolism.org

13. Problematic, but possible with today’s cyberinfrastructure

14. Not currently possible Scale needed to answer regional/continental questions

15. Yuan-Yang Lake, Taiwan The Future Model Data Repository NCHC: Taiwan • Web Services • metabolism models • intelligent agents • data retrieval Application Client Data Repository Wisconsin • Requires significant partnerships among • lake scientists • information managers • middleware developers http://gleon.org Trout Bog Lake, Wisconsin

16. Planning the cyberinfrastructure Tony Fountain Sameer Tilak Ken Chiu Barbara Benson Paul Hanson Luke Winslow et al.

17. GLEON Lake Metadata Website Dave Balsiger Barbara Benson John Byrne

18. An example of episodic events and threshold dynamics Access can be difficult during the most interesting times Photo by Peter Arzberger, October 2004 Yuan Yang Lake, Taiwan – August 2004 Typhoon Jeng-Wei Tsai presentation at 1600 Monday

19. Diel O2 Dynamics GLEON promotes discovery science Hanson et al. at 1430, and Hu et al. at 1450, today

20. Steering Committee Lauri Arvola, Finland Peter Arzberger, US Thorsten Blenckner, Sweden Justin Brookes, Australia David Hamilton, New Zealand Paul Hanson, US Tim Kratz, US Fang-Pang Lin, Taiwan Ami Nishri, Israel Boqiang Qin, China Katherine Weathers, US Grassroots, member-driven Open to all who share GLEON vision GLEON Governance

21. GLEON: Shared Vision • Participation: contribute to GLEON mission • Openness: share experience and expertise • Data: share data as openly as possible • Informal: “flat” organization – “grassroots” • Transparent: open decision-making • Training: integration of students • Diversity: gender, geography, discipline

22. How do I become a member of GLEON? • Agree to shared vision • Be nominated by two existing members • Fill out form (soon to appear on “gleon.org” website) Please join us!!!

23. GLEON Activities at SIL • GLEON 5 Meeting • Saturday, 0830-1800; Room 518C • Special Session on “The Use of High-Frequency Data in Limnology” • Monday, 1100-1740; Room 518B • Tuesday, 1030-1510; Room 518B • Graduate Student Gathering • Tuesday, 1715-1830; Room 518C • Informal Social • Thursday, 1730 to 1900, at St. Sulpice, 1680 rue Saint-Denis GLEON 6: February 12-14, 2008 Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA