Food Chain

1. Food Chain Who can tell me what a food chain is? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ZOvqYypOuo

2. What is a food chain? • Shows how each living thing gets its food. • Some animals eat plants and some animals eat other animals. • For example, a simple food chain links the trees & shrubs, the giraffes (that eat trees & shrubs), and the lions (that eat the giraffes). • Each link in this chain is food for the next link.

3. Let’s Lookat aFood Chain • A food chain is a simplified way to look at the energy that passes from producers to consumers.

4. Words to Know Producer – an organism that makes it’s own food Consumers – an organism that has to eat to get energy

5. Producers Plants-Organism that produces its own food • Autotroph (plants): are called producers because they are able to use light energy from the Sun to produce food (sugar) from carbon dioxide and water.

6. Consumers • There are three groups of consumers. • Animals that eat ONLY PLANTS are called herbivores (or primary consumers). • carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers • carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers • e.g., killer whales in an ocean food web ... phytoplankton → small fishes → seals → killer whales • Animals that eat OTHER ANIMALS are called carnivores. • Heterotroph: Organism that must consume (or eat) its food (animals).

7. Trophic Levels

8. Types of Consumers herbivore – an organism that only eats plants carnivore - an organism that only eats meat omnivore – an organism that eats meat and plants https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRZocdRNxSw

9. Decomposers • Break down dead plants and animals • Bacteria and fungi are two examples • Reduces dead organisms to simpler forms of matter • Returns them to the soil https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6V0a_7N1Mw

10. Remember Food Chain • Shows how each living thing gets food • Always begins with the producer (Plants) • Arrows show the flow of energy from one organism to another

11. Using the simple food chain below to describe how energy comes from the sun to the plants and the plants pass the energy to the organisms that eat the plants and the process continues. • Sun trees giraffes lions • The sun provides energy to the tree, the tree provides energy to the giraffe, and the giraffe provides energy to the lion. • This is the flow of energy.

12. Food Web • A collection of food chains interconnected from the same ecosystem • Arrows show the flow of energy from one organism to another • Multiple consumers and producers

13. Predator & Prey • Predator- An animal that captures and eats other animals • Prey- The animal that is captured and eaten https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXq67cfL9Kc

14. What is a parasite? • Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship between two different organisms. The parasite benefits from a prolonged, close association with the host, which is harmed

15. Who can tell me what are the differences and similarities between a food chain and a food web is? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFloV2J-eKI

16. In this food chain, the spiders are – A producers B primary consumers C competitors D secondary consumers

17. Wolves and hawks are at the same trophic level because they – A both live on land B are both large mammals C both eat primary consumers D have similar hunting patterns

18. Which organisms in this food web can be described as both primary and secondary consumers? A Hawks B Weasels C Raccoons D Mice

19. Energy used by producers in a grassland food web is provided by —– A sunlight B photosynthesis C oxygen D carbon dioxide

20. In this diagram of a marine food web, which term describes the sea turtle? A Aquatic herbivores B Autotrophic producers C Third-level consumers D Primary decomposers

21. According to this food web, which of the following are omnivores? A Snakes B Rabbits C Mice D Grasshoppers

22. Insecticides help humans compete with insects for a resource. Which resource is most likely to be preserved for humans through the use of insecticides? A sunlight B water C food D air