ANUPAM SRIVASTAVA INDIA

1. DISASTER RESPONSE MECHANISM AND CAPACITY IN RESPONSE & RELIEF ANUPAMSRIVASTAVA INDIA

2. KERALA FLOODS - 2018

3. UTTARAKHANDFOREST FIRES 2016

4. SRINAGAR FLOODS, J&K- 2014

5. UTTRAKHANDFLOOD - 2013

6. MUMBAI BUILDING COLLAPSE - 2013

7. INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI - 2004

8. BHUJEARTHQUAKE - 2001

9. INDIA’S VULNERABILITY TO DISASTERS • 58.6% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of moderate to high intensity • 68% of the cultivable area is vulnerable to Drought • Over 40 million hectares (12% of land ) is prone to Floods & River Erosion • Of the 7,516 Km long coastline, close to 5,700 Km is prone to cyclones and tsunamis

10. Western & Eastern Himalayan States and Western Ghat States are at risk from landslides and avalanches. • Vulnerability to CBRN emergencies on increase. • India ranks 3rd, after US & China, among the 5 countries hit the hardest by natural disasters over last 20 years (Source : United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)) • India’s average annual economic loss to disaster at $9.8 billion (Source : GAR 2015)

11. INDIA’S EXPERIENCE Key factors for effective Humanitarian Assistance Preparedness of all stakeholders Precise and in time early warning • 01 • 02 Availability of effective Response Mechanism Effective coordination among all stakeholders • 04 • 03

12. MANAGEMENT OF DISASTERS • Until 2005 : Reactive & Relief-Centric. • 2005 : Enactment of Disaster Management Act. • The creation of a policy, legal and institutional framework, backed by effective statutory and financial support. • Paradigm shift : From reactive and relief centric approach to holistic and integrated approach to DRR.

13. DMACT’ 2005 : IMPACT

14. FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE DURING VERY SEVERE CYCLONE : PHAILIN (2013) & HUDHUD (2014) 01 • Three tier Institutional Mechanism 02 • Capacity Building of Stake holders 03 • State-of-art Weather Forecast Institution

15. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE Three Tier Institutional Mechanism District Level State Level National Level State Executive Committee (SEC) DDMA National Crisis Management Committee Police NEC SDMAs Fire Services NDMA State Disaster Response Force Civil Defence & Other Volunteers National Institute Of Disaster Management Deptt. of Home Police National Disaster Response Force Fire Services Armed Forces

16. AGENCIES FOR FORECASTING

17. Participating Institutions • IMD, NIOT, ICMAM, SOI, • NRSC, INCOIS • MHA, NDMA, Coastal States VSAT INSAT GPRS INMARSAT TSUNAMI EARLY WARNING SYSTEM Detection Warnings Dissemination • COMMS Tests • Tsunami Drills • Trainings • Publicity Material Bathymetry Seismic Network TSUNAMI WARNINGS!!! Capacity Building Tsunami Modelling BPR Network • Paleo-tsunami • Modeling • GNSS Data Use Topography R & D Tide gauge Network Costal Vulnerability • Observation Networks • Communications • Last mile connectivity • Modeling

18. PUBLIC RESPONSE & THREAT LEVELS IN BULLETINS

19. CATEGORIZATION OF ALERTS • Depending on the gravity of the situation, early warning agencies issue alerts( an advance warning). The alerts are categorized into “Yellow”, “Orange” and “Red”.

20. MODE OF INFORMATION/ALERTS DISSEMINATION

21. INITIATIVES FOR DISASTER RESILIENT NATION • Community Capacity Building Programme • Capacity Building of the community as per vulnerability profile of the area. • School Safety Programme • Mock Exercises with Stakeholders • Capacity Building first responders like Police, Home Guard and Civil Defence Volunteers. • ‘AapdaMitra’ - 6000 community volunteers in 30 most vulnerable flood prone districts of India are trained.

22. COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAMME

23. First Aid (Soft Tissues Injuries, Musculosteletal Injuries, CPR, Snake Bites) COMMUNITY AWARENESS PROGRAMMES • Community Awareness Programme (CAP) • Lifting and moving victims during Earthquakes • Earthquake Saftey Tips • Water Emergencies (Improvising floating Aids, Dry rescue techniques & Wet rescue techniques) • Swatch Bharat Abhiyan (Hygiene Sanitation) • Splinting

24. COMMUNITY AWARENESS PROGRAMME

25. DETAILS OF ACTIVITIES FOR DISASTER RESILIENT NATION

26. JAPAN TRIPLE DISASTER : 2011 • March 11, 2011 • One team of NDRF (46 personnel) deployed in Onagawa, Japan. • Working in sub-zero temperature, recovered 7 dead bodies and Japanese currency worth 50 million yen. • Role widely appreciated by the Japanese Government.

27. JAPAN TRIPLE DISASTER : 2011

28. NEPAL EARTHQUAKE : 2015 • Occurrence: On 25th April, 2015 at 11:56 Hr. • Magnitude - 7.8 Richter Scale • No. of teams deployed : 16 teams • Date of operation : 25th April - 04th May, 2015 • Achievements • Rescued : 11 Pers • Retrieved : 133 Dead Bodies • Medical Assistance Provided : 1219 Pers

29. NEPAL EARTHQUAKE : 2015

30. INSTITUTIONAL & POLICY FRAMEWORK • At National level, the Central Relief Commissioner (CRC) in the Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal officer to coordinate relief operations for natural disasters, who is the Chairman of the Crisis Management Group. • The Resident Commissioner of the affected State is/are associate members alongwith representative of other Ministries.

31. RELIEF MECHANISM In India, the primary focus areas for providing relief during disaster are aimed towards : 01 Creating alternative opportunities for employment Supply of food grains and other essentials at fair prices 02 Initiation of protective and preventive works against recurrence of similar calamities in the future. 03 04 Reconstruction of infrastructure.

32. NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE RESERVE NDRR meant for relief items as reserve to cater for 4,00,000 disaster victims when disaster strikes. Relief items worth Rs. 246 million have been purchased and kept at NDRF Battalions locations. Govt of India has earmarked 2.5 billion rupees as National Disaster Response Reserve (NDRR). 01 02 03

33. NATIONAL DISASTER RELIEF FUND (NDRF) • National Disaster Response Fund is a fund managed by the Central Government for meeting the expenses for emergency response, relief and rehabilitation due to any threatening disaster situation or disaster. • NDRF is constituted to supplement the funds of the State Disaster Response Funds (SDRF) of the states to facilitate immediate relief in case of calamities of a severe nature.

34. The National Executive Committee (NEC) takes decisions on the expenses from National Disaster Response Fund. • The financial assistance from NDRFis for providing immediate relief and is not compensation for loss/damage to properties/ crops.

35. STATE DISASTER RESPONSE FUND (SDRF) • The State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) is the primary fund available with States for disaster response. • The SDRF is used for meeting expenditures for providing immediate relief to the victims of various natural or manmade disasters. • If the amount available under the SDRF is not sufficient, states can request for making available assistance from National Disaster Response Fund.

36. The financial assistance from State Disaster Response Fund is for providing immediate relief and is not compensation for loss/damage to properties /crops. • 5% of the annual allocation to State Disaster Response Fund can be utilized for capacity building activities by the states in the area of disaster management.

37. STATE RELIEF MANUALS Each State Government has relief manuals/codes which identify that role of each officer in the State for managing the natural disasters. These are reviewed and updated periodically based on the experience of managing the disasters and the need of the State.

38. Thank You