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Open access publishing: What is it and why is it important?

Open access publishing: What is it and why is it important?. Mark Toole 25 March 2013. Open access: headline whys?. “the principle that the results of research that has been publicly funded should be freely accessible in the open domain is a compelling one” [Finch report]

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Open access publishing: What is it and why is it important?

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  1. Open access publishing: What is it and why is it important? Mark Toole 25 March 2013

  2. Open access: headline whys? • “the principle that the results of research that has been publicly funded should be freely accessible in the open domain is a compelling one” [Finch report] • 27 out of 31 studies have found open access publications are more cited than on non open access ones [“The open Access Citation Advantage: Studies and results to date”, Alma Swan, 2010] • The UK spends £150m per year on journal subscriptions [Finch report]. Every year the costs of subscribed journals rise by an average of 7%.

  3. Open Access: Background • Simple Definition: “unrestricted, on-line access to peer-reviewed and published scholarly research papers” [RCUK] • 1990s: e-print repositories/ archives • early 2000s: BioMedCentral & Public Library of Science (PLoS) • 2002/3: international aspirational statements of intent Numbers of OA journals and articles 1993-2009 [source Wikipedia from article in PLOS ONE]

  4. Research Publishing: Three Main Channels • Subscription Based Journals • “free to publish, library pays subscription” model • restrictions on access and re-use • 25,000 peer reviewed journals • Open Access Journals (“Gold” route) • “free to view, author pays to publish (through APC)” model • immediately available, few (if any) restrictions on re-use • publisher based • 7,600+ peer reviewed journals • “hybrid” journals/ options • Repositories (“Green” route) • “access to a version of a paper usually published elsewhere” • often subject to an embargo period • subject based, institutional based, author based • 2,000+

  5. Finch Report: Background • Working Group on Expanding Access to Published Research Findings • Set up in 2011 by BIS, HEFCE, RCUK, Publishers Association • Reported June 2012 • Academics, learned societies, research funders, publishers, funding councils, senior university management, libraries • Chaired by Dame Janet Finch

  6. Finch Report: Main Recommendations • “clear policy direction”: main vehicle of publication of research is in open access of hybrid journals, funded by APC • Research funders: “more effective and flexible arrangements” to meet costs of open access publishing • Policies to minimise restrictions on rights of use and re-use • Transition: funds should be found to extend and rationalise current subscription licences • Walk in access in public libraries to “the majority of journals” • Infrastructure of repositories: focus on access to research data, grey literature and digital preservation • Estimated transition costs: £50m-£60m per year (compared to £5.5b public funding for research per year)

  7. Response to Finch Report • RCUK, HEFCE, SFC, BIS quickly announced their support • Debate in the community: • some learned societies (eg history) • “green” route advocates • House of Lords Science and Technology Committee • HEFCE consulting on role of open access publishing in the post 2014 REF

  8. RCUK Policy • 6 March 2013, to be reviewed 2014 • Effective 1 April 2013 • Supports “gold” and “green” but in effect preference for “gold” • Only publish outputs from RCUK funded work in compliant journal: • “journal provides, via its own website, immediate and unrestricted access to the final published version of the paper” OR • “journal consents to deposit of the final Accepted Manuscript in any repository, without restriction on non-commercial re-use and within a defined [6 to 12 months] period. • Payment of APCs and other publication charges related to Research Council-funded research are supported through RCUK OA block grants : institutional publication funds are expected to be established

  9. STORRE • One of the first UK institutional repositories • Compliant Green publication route • With the right publisher permissions • University “mandate”: • all journal articles from 2007 must be submitted to STORRE • Current compliance rate is c. 47% • New RMS enables easier depositing

  10. Open access publishing: What is it and why is it important? Thank You!

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