1 / 7

Prevention and Control (and summary)

Explore the concept of punishment and its impact on aggression in children. Learn about the factors that make punishment effective and discover cognitive techniques for reducing aggression. Can aggression be stopped? Find out by examining social, external, individual, biological, and developmental determinants.

madelainen
Download Presentation

Prevention and Control (and summary)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Prevention and Control(and summary)

  2. Punishment • What did we learn about punishment from last chapter? • Punishment (learning, arousal, not internalize standards) • High punishment = high aggression in child • No punishment = high aggression in child • Now we must also take into account: • Instrumentality (rewards > costs) • Probability it will be delivered

  3. Punishment, effective if… 1. Directly contingent upon person’s behavior (Probability) 2. Consistently follows from behavior (Probability) 3. Immediate after behavior (Probability) 4. Moderately high punishment (Magnitude) 5. Explanations for the punishment (Internalize) 6. Offer alternatives besides punishment (Learning) 7. Not too much arousal (Arousal) 8. Person has relatively little to gain from continuing the behavior (Instrumentality)

  4. Catharsis • Two types • Emotional catharsis • Behavioral catharsis (what about “Physiological” catharsis?) (what about “Cognitive” catharsis?) • Actual attacks (but not fantasy attacks) against provocateur (but not third party) reduces anger and physiological arousal, but it also increases future aggressive behavior (why?) • But can also reduce anger and physiological arousal by (1) exhausting activities like exercise, (2) non-aggressive and/or self-aggressive that serve to decrease punishment from partner

  5. Cognitive techniques for reducing aggression • Attributions • Effective if preventing malicious attributions • Mitigating Circumstances • Effective if both prior and subsequent mitigating circumstances, but prior is preventative and subsequent in inhibitory • Apologies • Effective if sincere, convincing, external events beyond the person’s control

  6. Incompatible Responses • Empathy • Effective if perspective taking and not positively reinforced by enjoying the pain cues from target • Humor • Effective if feeling of amusement and not primed by humor having aggressive themes • Sexual arousal • Effective if mild and not creating negative feelings

  7. Summary: Can aggression be stopped? • If social determinant… ● Frustration (magnitude, cues, arbitrariness, cognitive processes) ● Provocation (verbal, physical, defensive strategy, impression management) ● Characteristics of target (sex, race) ● Instigation by other people (obedience, bystanders) • If external determinant… ● Heat, noise, crowding, air quality, odor, cues, media, self-awareness ● Models such as CNA, GAM, Excitation Transfer, Frustration-Aggression • If individual determinant… ● Personality traits such as HAB, Irritability, Internal LOC, Type A ● Self esteem, Self control • If biological determinant… ● Genetic, Evolutionary, Neurotransmitters, Hormonal, Structural • If developmental determinant… ● Social Learning

More Related