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Sponges – Phylum Porifera

Sponges – Phylum Porifera. Body Design - Sponges. Movement of water through a sponge. Water enters ostia and leaves osculum Ostia = incurrent pores Osculum = excurrent pore. How do sponges reproduce?. Asexually Fragments break off budding Sexually

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Sponges – Phylum Porifera

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  1. Sponges – Phylum Porifera

  2. Body Design - Sponges

  3. Movement of water through a sponge • Water enters ostia and leaves osculum • Ostia = incurrent pores • Osculum = excurrent pore

  4. How do sponges reproduce? • Asexually • Fragments break off • budding • Sexually • Release sperm and egg into the water • Fertilization is external

  5. How does a sponge get its food? • Flagella of collar cells beat and create water current • Food enters sponge through ostia (pores) in water. • Food is trapped by collar cells • Food engulfed and transported to amoebocytes • Amoebocytes take food to rest of organism

  6. Support in sponges • Spongin • Protein fibers for support • Spicules • Hard, microscopic, needle like structures for support • Made of glass or lime

  7. Phylum Cnidaria • What is the structure used to classify Cnidaria? • Stinging cells • cnidocytes • Where are these cells located? • On the tentacles • What are the pockets called which contain barbs? • nematocysts

  8. How does a sea anemone feed? • Food floats or swims past tentacles • Tentacles release the barbs from the nematocysts and paralyze prey • Tentacles bring food to mouth • Food taken into hollow gut cavity and digested • Wastes release out the mouth back into water

  9. Sun Coral

  10. Body Plan

  11. Cnidarian Body Types • Medusa • Free swimming • Polyp • Anchored to a rock, shell or the bottom • What are the similarities and differences between the two body types?

  12. Tentacles • What functions do tentacles provide for a cnidarian? • Defense • To sting paralyze an organism • Acquire food • Take food to mouth after stunning prey with nematocysts

  13. How does the symmetry and body plan of a cnidarian differ from a sponge? • Symmetry • Sponge • Asymmetrical – not divided into parts • Cnidarians • Radial – body parts around a central area

  14. Life cycle of a typical cnidarian – Obelia

  15. Cnidarian Tissues • Epidermis • Muscle to move the body • Gastrodermis • Tissue to digest food in hollow gut

  16. Cnidarian Reproduction • Sexual Release • Sperm and egg from two adults • Fertilization in the water (external) • Zygote attaches to ocean floor • Develops into a polyp

  17. Reproduction (cont.) • Asexual • Forms buds • Buds break away and start growth of new organism • Regeneration • Cut or lost body part grows back

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