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Learn about Genghis Khan, Samurai warriors, cultural diffusion, and more. Explore key historical figures and concepts that shaped societies.
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Chapter 7 & 12 Review BINGO! As each answer is revealed, mark your Bingo card with an X if you have the term. Five X’s in a row and your have BINGO = Bonus points!
Mongol clan leader who united all the Mongol tribes for the first time in 1206. Genghis Khan Considered one the most infamous people in history, Genghis used terror and brutal tactics to win battles before he fought them – 9/10 cities surrendered without a fight!
The spreading of ideas from one culture to another, usually by trade, war, or migration. Key effect of The PaxMongolica. Cultural Diffusion The largest mechanism for Cultural Diffusion today is the internet!
The Japanese warrior class? Samurai The Samurai were the elite soldiers of Japan and trained with their weapons everyday – the sword being the most important and a symbol of their power.
These two inventions would have far reaching future consequences for both war and peace! Gunpowder and paper Gunpowder was invented about 800 A.D. by accident but soon became the main ingredient in new weapons. Paper was invented During the Han Dynasty – 1st Century A.D. in order to help the Bureaucracy keep cheap but accurate records.
A term used to describe a society where the men are in charge and hold most of a society’s positions of power? Patriarchal / Patriarch Most societies we study in Global History are/were Patriarchal (male dominated – “papa’s” in charge) but each society is different, some give more rights to women than others. By far China and India have a poor reputation for women’s rights in history!
An Italian merchant who traveled to China and worked for the Great Khan for 17 years. When he returned he wrote a book of his adventures. Marco Polo Marco Polo’s book would inspire the imagination of many future explorers.
Only woman to rule as Emperor in Chinese history – ever! Wu Zhou Wu committed many atrocities (like killing her own child) to rise to power in China’s Patriarchal (male dominated) tradition society.
The process of making a minority culture part of the majority culture. Assimilation The Chinese historian SimaQian is famous for saying that a country with a common history shares a link and is more unified).
Method by which Chinese students would take tests to determine their knowledge of Confucian teachings in order to qualify for a government job. Examination System The Examination system had 3 levels – a local, provincial (commandery) and Imperial level.
The military dictator of Japan who was the actual power instead of the Emperor who was just a “puppet”. Shogun Japan was ruled through a government based on Shogunates from 1192 until 1868.
A term used to describe the departments and offices (bureaus) that run a government. Bureaucracy The Chinese Bureaucracy was very efficient due to the Examination system which helped pick the smartest people for government office.
Eurasian grasslands home to the Mongols and many other nomadic tribes. Steppe People made a living on the Steppe as pastoralists. But the extreme climate makes life difficult – but it also makes the people living there tough!
A type if lifestyle in which people survive by herding animals. pastoralists The Mongols were pastoralists!
Kinship groups which can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor. clan There were many Mongol clans – loyalty to your clan was very important and often led to wars between rival clans among the Mongols!
A Mongol clan leader or “king” Khan A Mongol Khan’s word was law but it was not until Genghis Khan that such laws began to be written down.
The Nature orientated relgion of Japan? Shinto Shinto means way of the gods and believes in divine spirits in nature (Kami).
During the Mauryan Empire of India this great leader fought a great battle but later repented, converted to Buddhism, and instituted a policy of tolerance for all religions. Asoka Asoka’s battle against the Kalingas was said to have killed 100,000s of soldiers and civilians.
A tradition for upper class women in China where a young girl’s feet were tightly wrapped while just a child 5 to 7 years old to prevent growth and shape her feet into a lily foot? Foot binding This tradition in China lasted over 1000 years but was eventually outlawed in the 1920s when China began to recognize the abuse it caused women to endure.
When the women are the ones who hold the power in a society. Matriarchal Matriarchs tend to be more rare but the Tamil people of Southern India were Matriarchal.
A territory ruled by a Mongol khan Khanate The Mongol Empire started by Genghis Khan was eventually broken up into 4 major Khanates that controlled the majority of Asia and was the largest land empire in history!
The elite class or “gentry” class of highly educated government workers in China? Scholar Official Once a candidate passed the examination system they were guaranteed a job (but you had to be the best).
A sect (version) of Buddhism that believes Buddha is a guide or teacher – but not a god. Theravada Theravada Buddhists believe in the older more traditional Buddhist ways.
Newer sect (version) of Buddhism which sees Buddha as a god? Mahayana Mahayana Buddhists recognize the difficulty of achieving Nirvana as mere humans and pray to Buddha for help.
The first emperor of the Han Dynasty, this Chinese Emperor won a rebellion to become the new leader of a China. Liu Bang Liu Bang came to power in 202 B.C. and his Han Dynasty would last over 400 years, bringing China into a great Golden Age.
Created by Chandra Gupta II, this mighty Indian Empire was famous for its astronomy, mathematic, and scientific achievements. Gupta Empire The Gupta Age was a Golden Age in Indian history
The Warrior Code of behavior for the Samurai of Japan? Bushido The Bushido Code guided the actions of the Japanese Samurai
The first emperor of the Mauryan Empire who came to power in 321 B.C. by raising an army and overthrowing a king. Chandragupta Maurya Chandragupta Maurya was the first to unite nearly all of the Indian subcontinent under one ruler.
A trade route that extended from China to the Mediterranean Sea. Silk Road Called the silk road due to silk being one of the most valuable goods being traded along the route.
The Martial Emperor of the Han Dynasty famous for his military conquest but also for institution the Examination System Wu Di (Wudi) The Examination System helped to pick the best and most qualified candidates to fill powerful government jobs.
A political guidebook written by Kautilya which advocated that the king establish a network of spies to control his people. Arthasastra The Arthasastra also gave a lot of other advice such as the need to establish a good economy through the use of a Banking System.
The main topic of the Examination system, this philosophy taught that a leader needed to rule wisely or risk losing the Mandate of Heaven. Confucianism The Mandate of Heaven was the law of heaven which said a ruler who did not rule wisely would anger the people and cause rebellion.
When the manufacture and sale of a product is owned by the same entity. Monopoly The Chinese most famous monopoly was on silk but kept other secrets as well such as porcelainand gunpowder!
Famous Han historian who said that a united country needs a shared history to be unified. SimaQian SimaQian would encourage the peoples who were conquered by the Han Emperors to Assimilate into the Majority Chinese culture.
An island chain or group of islands like Japan? Archipelago Japan’s archipelago is short on natural resources but it is very hard to attack allowing the Japanese to selectively borrow ideas from neighboring cultures like the Chinese and Koreans.
When society experiences a time period or era of prosperity, cultural achievements, art, and relative peace. Golden Age The Gupta Empire of India and the Han Dynasty of China were Golden Ages due to their many cultural, technological, and artistic achievements.
