Processes That Shape Ocean Basins and Continental Drainage

1. Processes That Shape Ocean Basins and Continental Drainage Section 2.3

2. http://www.toiletovhell.com/2015/04/

3. The Plan • Class and group discussions, animations, video clips, and a drawing activity. • I can define the term lithosphere and describe the processes that influence its shape. • I can describe the geological features of the ocean floor and describe how they are formed.

4. Earth • Earth is 4.5 - 4.6 billion years old! • It is in a constant state of change.

5. Earth’s Layers • Core • Mantle • Crust https://wikis.engrade.com/earthssurfacequiz2/es1

6. The Lithosphere • The lithosphere is the solid, outer layer of the Earth. http://www.claseshistoria.com/bilingue/1eso/relief/relief-lithosphere.html

7. Lithosphere • It is made of rock that has been broken into huge, moving pieces called tectonic plates. http://aquarium.ucsd.edu/Education/Learning_Resources/Voyager_for_Kids/earth_puzzle/look_beneath.html

9. Plate Tectonics • These tectonic plates move constantly and slowly by convection currents within Earth.

10. Earth as a Jigsaw Puzzle http://aquarium.ucsd.edu/Education/Learning_Resources/Voyager_for_Kids/earth_puzzle/index.html

11. Evidence of Plate Tectonics http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/geophys/platevid.html

12. http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/dynamic.html

14. Plate Tectonics • The movements of the plates have shaped the geological features on the ocean floors and many of those on the continents. https://prezi.com/mplhnmeixltq/plate-tectonics/

15. Drawing Activity • What do you think the bottom of the ocean would look like if all of the water were drained out?

16. Geological Features Due to Plate Tectonics • Mid-ocean ridges • Continental shelves • Volcanic islands • Seamounts • Trenches

17. Mid-Ocean Ridges • Mid-ocean ridges form where molten rock pushes up from the interior of the Earth. • On either side of the ridge are two different plates that are slowly moving away from each other as the molten rock hardens into new crust.

18. Continental Shelves • The continental shelves are shallow areas around the edges of continents. • They are mainly sedimentary deposits of materials eroded off the continents. http://www.yourdictionary.com/continental-shelf

19. Volcanic Islands • Volcanic islands are formed by volcanoes that grow up from the ocean’s floor. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/437647/Pacific-Islands

20. Seamounts • Seamounts are underwater volcanoes that do not come all the way to the ocean’s surface. http://www.geology4today.com/restless-oceans.html

21. Trenches • Trenches are long, deep depressions in the ocean bed. • They form where two plates are moving toward each other. http://www.geology4today.com/restless-oceans.html

22. Mariana Trench • The deepest part of the world’s oceans. • It is about 2,550 km long, but only 69 km wide. http://www.whoi.edu/main/nereus/mariana-trench-2009

24. Mountains http://www.steve-hartland.com/summer/rock-climbing/

25. Mount Everest • Formed by plate tectonics. • Indo-Australia plate pushes up against the China and Eurasian plates.

26. Continental Drainage Systems • The same forces that shape the ocean basins also build the continental divides. • At the edge of the continent, two plates meet and push against each other, which cause wrinkles in the continents’ surfaces and pushes up. http://olliebray.typepad.com/olliebraycom/2009/07/reflections-from-the-great-divide-mountain-bike-trail-2-of-10-canada-banff-al-eureka-mo.html

27. Mauna Kea • Formed by plate tectonics. • Formant volcano. • Created by magma breaking through the lithosphere. http://kaobio.wikispaces.com/Mauna+Kea

28. Rocky Mountains