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WIND EROSION

WIND EROSION. Text page 144: 3 problem areas Large Continental Wheat Growing Regions line the Great Plains in US Dune areas along coastlines Intensively Farmed Organic Soils What are the characteristics of these areas that promote wind erosion?. Wind Erosion.

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WIND EROSION

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  1. WIND EROSION • Text page 144: 3 problem areas • Large Continental Wheat Growing Regions line the Great Plains in US • Dune areas along coastlines • Intensively Farmed Organic Soils • What are the characteristics of these areas that promote wind erosion?

  2. Wind Erosion • What are the two basic processes that together make up soil erosion? • How would these two processes compare in wind erosion vs water erosion?

  3. TYPES OF MOVEMENT

  4. Wind Erosion • The text discusses 3 types of soil movement in wind erosion. • How would these compare between wind erosion and water erosion?

  5. SALTATION • Saltation: (most within 1 foot of the surface) • Typical size from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. • 65 to 90% of all wind erosion

  6. CREEP • Creep: Roll on the surface • Typical size from 0.5 to 20mm. • 7 to 25% of all wind erosion

  7. SUSPENSION • Suspended particles: Dust clouds • Typical size <0.1 mm • 3 to 10 % of all wind erosion.

  8. To be moved by wind erosion, a soil particle must: • Be light weight enough to be moved. • Be sticking up into the wind • Be free to move (not held in place)

  9. WIND EROSION Wind Erosion generally requires a wind speed of at least 10 mph at a height of 1 foot above the surface.

  10. WIND EROSION EQUATION • E = f(I, K, C, L, V) • I = Soil Erodibility Index - Related to Cloddiness • K = Surface roughness • C = Climatic Factor - wind velocity and soil moisture • L = Field Length Factor • V = Vegetative Cover Factor

  11. Compare the following erosion control methods between wind and water erosion. • Vegetative Cover • Crop Residue • Field Length • Strip Cropping • Contour Farming • Moisture Conservation • Surface Roughness

  12. FACTORS MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR WIND EROSION IN IOWA • 1. Fall plowing, especially soybean stubble • 2. Dry fall and winter months followed by high winds in March and April • 3. High speed, multi-bottom plowing which turns most residue under • 4. Large cultivated fields, especially soybeans

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