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Somewhere . . . Over the brainbow . . .

Somewhere . . . Over the brainbow. The Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System, the Neuron, and other stuff!. Fun Facts about Le Brain. Neurons: Milky Way 100 Billion- 300 Billion- 15ft- 10 minutes- No pain 4 times around the earth!. Convolutions are Key!!! Gyri and Sulci.

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Somewhere . . . Over the brainbow . . .

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  1. Somewhere . . . Over the brainbow . . . The Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System, the Neuron, and other stuff!

  2. Fun Facts about Le Brain. • Neurons: Milky Way • 100 Billion- • 300 Billion- • 15ft- • 10 minutes- • No pain • 4 times around the earth! Convolutions are Key!!! Gyri and Sulci

  3. Outline: Here’s what we’re going to learn! • THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: • The Purpose of the Nervous System • The different parts of the CNS/PNS • Anatomy of a neuron • Synapse • Transmission of a signal • Major Parts/Function of the brain

  4. What is the Purpose of the Nervous System? • 1. It acts as a network with all the nerve cells throughout your whole body. • 2. It controls all the systems in your body by sending messages in between your brain and your body. • 3. It stores memories, and allows you to think.

  5. Organization of the Nervous System • CNS: • PNS: • Autonomic + Somatic • Sympathetic + Parasympathetic

  6. The Autonomic Nervous System

  7. Sympathetic Vs. Parasympathetic

  8. Neuron Anatomy • Sensory neurons carry signals from the outer parts of your body (periphery) into the central nervous system. • Motor neurons (motoneurons) carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts (muscles, skin, glands) of your body. • Interneurons connect various neurons within the brain and spinal cord.

  9. Cell Body Break it down. • Cell Body (Soma)- Control center / Recycling center • Dendrites- Receive signals from other neurons • Axon- Conducts signals away from the cell body to terminals • Myelin Sheath- Speeds neural signaling Dendrites Axon Myelin Sheath

  10. Neuron Photoshoot! Neurons and astrocytes isolated from rat hippocampus stained for DNA (blue), neuronal-specific βIII-tubulin (green) and astrocyte-specific GFAP (red)

  11. Largest Neurons: I “Cepha-love” giant axons! UP TO 1 MM THICK!!!!!! Unbelievable.

  12. Synapse: Signaling junction • Neurotransmitters: • Acetylcholine • Inhibitory • Endorphin • Dopamine • Seratonin • Excitatory • Norepinephrine • Epinephrine

  13. Lights, Camera, ACTION POTENTIAL! • STEPS FOR AP! • 1. Action Potential arrives at axon terminal • 2. Ca channels open, Ca enters axon terminal • 3. Ach is released into cleft, Ca is pumped out of axon terminal • 4. Ach binds to receptors • 5. Action Pot. is generated and propogated • 6. Causes release of Ca ions • 7. Ca ions trigger muscle contraction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQ-wQsEK21E

  14. THE BRAIN!!!!! A nice, sweet meat! • Separated into two hemispheres • Right= Creative • Left= Analytical • Connected by Corpus Collosum • Consists of 4 lobes • Frontal Lobe • Parietal Lobe • Temporal Lobe • Occipital Lobe

  15. Frontal Lobe: • Functions of the frontal lobe! • Emotions • Reasoning • Planning • Movement • Parts of speech • Creativity • Judgement • Problem-solving • Planning

  16. Temporal Lobe: • Functions of the Temporal Lobe: • Hearing • Memory • Meaning • Language • Emotion • Learning • Interpreting and processing auditory stimuli

  17. Parietal Lobe: • Functions of the Parietal Lobes: • Processing of nerve impulses related to senses • Touch • Pain • Taste • Pressure • Temperature • Language

  18. Occipital Lobe: • Functions of the Occipital Lobe: • Object Recognition • Vision

  19. Cortical Homunculi

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