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The sewage plant

The sewage plant. The process and the construction. The construction. The physical clarification steps. The biological clarification steps. The chemical clarification step. Physical clarification steps. Screen Detritus chamber Oil separator Primary sedimentation basin. Screen.

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The sewage plant

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  1. The sewage plant The process and the construction

  2. The construction • The physical clarification steps • The biological clarification steps • The chemical clarification step

  3. Physical clarification steps • Screen • Detritus chamber • Oil separator • Primary sedimentation basin

  4. Screen • Polluted water from houses, industries and streets comes to the sewage plant. • When the water flows through the screen, the big rubbish-pieces like: toilet paper, leftovers, tampons, carrier bags, etc. get stuck. • The rubbish is taken to a rubbish dump.

  5. Detritus chamber • The speed of the water is slowing down here and sand and little stones sink to the ground. • The sand an the stones may be used later on for building new streets.

  6. Oil separator • In the oil separator the oil and fat are swimming on the top of the water because of their low density. • A pusher pushes the oil to the side away.

  7. Primary sedimentation basin • The water is staying in the primary clarification basin for about 2 hours. • Because of this the suspended particles settle on the ground and can be pushed together with a movable bridge. • Now they can be pumped into the digestion tower.

  8. Review: Screen Primary sedimentation basin Detritus camber Oil separator

  9. Biological clarification steps • Activated sludge basin • Clarifier • Digestion tower

  10. Activated sludge basin • As there are still urine, droppings and faecal bacteria in the water, bacteria and protozoons have to help cleaning the water by eating them. • In 1 cm³ of this water are more than 1 million little bacteria. • They need oxygen to work properly, so we have to add some. • Now about 90-95% of the dirt is removed.

  11. Secundary sedimentation basin • Now the bacteria sink to the ground. • A part of them is pumped back into the activated sludge basin. • The other part gets into the digestion tower.

  12. Digestion tower • It is the energy-producer of the sewage plant. • The collected mud gets decomposed by bacteria working without oxygen. • Methan gas occurs. • The temperature in the digestion tower has to be up to 20°C. • Afterwards water is withdrawn out of the sludge. • The dried mud can be used for dunging plants.

  13. Review: Activated sludge basin Secundary sedimentation basin Digestion tower

  14. Chemical clarification step • Flocculation basin

  15. Flocculation basin • In this step the last 5-10 % dirt get removed. • These are phosphates which are in salts, solvent, cleaning agents and lacquers. • Now chemicals get mixed in. • They form theirselves with the dirt into water-insoluble flocks. • They can be removed by filtering and are taken to a special rubbish dump.

  16. An experiment • As wastewater: • dung-solution • As chemical: • ferric(III)chloride-solution We drip a drop of the wastewater in the chemical-solution. It accure flocks. We can see the considerable clarification.

  17. Review: Flocculation basin

  18. A sewage plant in Germany

  19. THE END! ! !

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