Presentation Transcript

1. Electricity

2. What is Electricity? A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (electrons, protons), either statically as an accumulation Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge Electricity is a secondary energy source, also referred to as an energy carrier. That means that we get electricity from the conversion of other sources of energy, such as coal, nuclear, or solar energy. These are called primary sources. The energy sources we use to make electricity can be renewable or non-renewable, but electricity itself is neither renewable or nonrenewable.
3. Electrically Charged Particles Electric chargesare tiny charged particles that exert an electric force on each other Accumulation of charges results in various displays of static electricity Static Electricity or static charge is the electric charge that builds up on the surface of an object
4. More on Charged Particles… Recall from Unit 1, all atoms are made up of subatomic particles: Neutrons, protons and electrons… Neutrons (ø) Protons (+) electrons (-) Although they contain electrically charged particles, atoms are neutral (Protons = electrons)
5. Static charges Objects can become charged when electrons move from one object to another Static charge or Static electricity is the charge that builds up on a surface “Static” because charges remain fixed until given a path to escape 2 laws of static electric charges: Law of Attraction: particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of Repulsion: particles with like charges repel each other
6. Electron Affinity Different surfaces have different abilities to hold on to electrons Triboelectric Series:
7. Friction & Movement of electrons The force resisting the relative motion of 2 surfaces (in contact) is called Friction The force of friction can remove electrons from one object and transfer them to another Both objects are neutral before contact and become charged as a result of rubbing them together
8. Electrical Insulators and Conductors Conductivity is the ability of materials to allow electrons to move freely between them Conduction is the movement or transmission of electrons through a substance Insulators: materials that hold onto their electrons and do not allow for electron transfer Conductors: materials that allow electrons to change positions and allow for electron transfer