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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Acid- a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H + ) in a water solution. Taste sour Corrosive. Litmus paper in acids will turn/stay red. When an acid dissolves in water, H + ions interact with water molecules to form hydronium ions H 3 0 +. Common Acids

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. Acid- a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in a water solution. • Taste sour • Corrosive

  3. Litmus paper in acids will turn/stay red. • When an acid dissolves in water, H+ ions interact with water molecules to form hydronium ions H30+

  4. Common Acids • Acetic Acid, CH3COOH Vinegar • Acetylsalicylic Acid Asprin • Carbonic Acid, H2CO3 Carbonated Drinks • Hydrochloric Acid, HCl Gastric Juices

  5. Nitric Acid, HNO3 Fertilizers • Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4 Manufacture fertilizers • Phosphoric Acid, H3PO3 Fertilizers, detergents & soft drinks

  6. Base- a substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. • Opposite of acids. • Solids • Feel slippery • Bitter

  7. Litmus paper in bases will turn/stay blue.

  8. Common Bases • Ammonia, NH3 Cleaner, fertilizer • Aluminum Hydroxide, Al(OH)3 Antacid • Magnesium Hydroxide,Mg(OH)2 Milk of Magnesia • Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH Soap, Oven Cleaner & Draino

  9. Strength of Acids and Bases • Strong Acid- An acid that completely breaks down in solution…releasing H+ ions Ex: Hydrochloric, Sulfuric & Nitric Acid • Weak Acid- An acid that partly breaks down in solution. Ex: Acetic and Carbonic Acid

  10. Strong Base- A base that completely breaks down in a solution…releasing OH- ions. Ex: Ammonia • Weak Base- A base that partly breaks down in a solution. Ex: Sodium hydroxide

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