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生物相容性反应

生物相容性反应. 魏强 2009.12.12. http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/crbgrp/. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~dplb0149/index.html. http://www.udel.edu/chem/fox/. http://www.cup.uni-muenchen.de/oc/carell/. http://www.scripps.edu/chem/sharpless/. http://raolab.stanford.edu/.

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生物相容性反应

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  1. 生物相容性反应 魏强 2009.12.12

  2. http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/crbgrp/ http://users.ox.ac.uk/~dplb0149/index.html http://www.udel.edu/chem/fox/ http://www.cup.uni-muenchen.de/oc/carell/ http://www.scripps.edu/chem/sharpless/ http://raolab.stanford.edu/ http://cmir.mgh.harvard.edu/fac/faculty/about/85 http://www.chem.ucsb.edu/~bodegroup/index.php http://www.chemistry.buffalo.edu/people/faculty/lin/ http://userpage.chemie.fu-berlin.de/~hackenbe/01home.htm http://www.ncmls.nl/NCMLS/MenuStructures/PI/theme3/FlorisRutjes.asp

  3. 生物相容性反应的条件 • 反应速度快 • 无需辅助试剂,无副产物或副产物无害 • 不与生物体内靶标外的大量官能团反应 • 可以耐受新陈代谢 • 反应温度约37°C, pH 6-8 • 对空气、水份不敏感

  4. 醛酮成腙、肟

  5. 经过代谢过程每个细胞 可以接种上约1.8×106个 非天然唾液酸

  6. Martti Tolvanen and Carl G. Gahmberg J. BIO.CHEM. 261 1986,9546

  7. 细胞表面寡糖的官能化 Carolyn R. Bertozzi SCIENCE 276 1997,1125-1128 (276s1125.pdf) Carolyn R. Bertozzi THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 273, 1998 31168–31179, (273jbc31168.pdf)

  8. Carolyn R. Bertozzii THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 274, 1999 21878–21884, (274jbc21878.pdf)

  9. 醛酮成腙、肟反应的局限性 • 需要弱酸性条件(pH = 5-6),不能在大多数生物组织内反应 • 只能在特殊的细胞、细胞表面或体外反应); • 2. 受生物体内原有醛酮的影响; • 3. 受羰基可以存在的位置的影响(一般存在于细胞外环境和细胞表面)。

  10. 生物相容的官能团叠氮 • 叠氮化合物的特点: • 几乎不存在于生物体中; • 略微的亲电性,不与硬亲和试剂反应; • 基本上不与水反应; • 有抗氧化能力; • 只有三个原子。 对叠氮化合物的误区: 1. 热稳定性差;2. 见光分解;3. 有毒。

  11. staudinger reaction 图:经典的staudinger反应 H. Staudinger and J. Meyer Helv. Chim. Acta. 2, 635(1919) Y. G. Gololobov and L. F. Kasukhin, Tetrahedron 48, 1353(1992) 但由于磷试剂易被氧化,最只要的是此反应速率非常慢,所以此反应应用与生物分子的标记有一定的限制,因此如何加快此反应的速率问题决定了它在生物标记的应用。 Carolyn R. Bertozzi SCIENCE 287 2000,2007-2010

  12. Eliana Saxon and Carolyn R. Bertozzi* SCIENCE VOL 287 17 MARCH 2000,2007-2010 (Cell Surface Engineering by a modified staudinger reation.pdf)

  13. 最早将荧光基团标记活体细胞的例子: Roger Y. Tsien Science 281, 269 (1998)

  14. Carolyn R. Bertozzi,PNAS 2002,99,19

  15. Chemical remodelling of cell surfaces in living animals Carolyn R. Bertozzi, NATURE 430 2004,873-877 (nature02791.pdf)

  16. Carolyn R. Bertozzi ChemBioChem 2004, 5, 371 – 374 (5chembiochem371.pdf) Carolyn R. Bertozzi J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2007, 129, 8400-8401 (ja070238o.pdf)

  17. Carolyn R. Bertozzi Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2008, 47, 2394 –2397 (anie200704847.pdf)

  18. Raphael M. Franzini and Eric T. Kool J.AM.CHEM.SOC.2009,131,16021-16023

  19. Staudinger反应的范围和限制 非生物的无毒化合物,叠氮和三芳基膦可以在pH约为7的条件下反应形成目标产物 限制: 三芳基膦易被氧化限制了此反应的应用范围。 空气及体内的酶都可以将三芳基膦氧化。

  20. Christian P. R. Hackenberger Chem. Commun., 2008, 2932–2934 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, ASAP (acie-asap)

  21. Cu-Catalyzed Huisgen reaction C.W. Tornoe, C. Christensen, M. Meldal, J. Org. Chem.2002, 67, 3057 V. V. Rostovtsev, L. G. Green, V. V. Fokin, K. B. Sharpless, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2596

  22. Huisgen, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2 ,1963 565–598. Huisgen, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2 ,1963 633–645. R. Huisgen in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry (Ed.: A. Padwa), Wiley, New York, 1984, pp. 1 – 176 Lábbé, G. Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg. 93, 1984 579-592 Sonogashira, K Tetrahedron Lett.1975, 16, 4467-4470.

  23. Valery V. Fokin, and Guochen Jia J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2005, 127, 15998-15999

  24. Ronald T. Raines J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2007, 129, 12670-12671 Valery V. Fokin Org. Lett., 9, 2007 5337-5339

  25. 某些配体的加入可提高铜催化Huisgen反应的速率和选择性。某些配体的加入可提高铜催化Huisgen反应的速率和选择性。 K. Barry Sharpless, and Valery V. Fokin Org. Lett., Vol. 6, No. 17, 2004,2853-2855

  26. Click chemistry在细胞中的应用: David A. Tirrell J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2003, 125, 11164-11165

  27. Benjamin F. Cravatt J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2003, 125, 4686-4687 Chemistry & Biology,11, 2004 535–546

  28. 由Huisgen反应生成的五元环有时不仅可起到连接作用,而且还可以促进荧光基团发光。由Huisgen反应生成的五元环有时不仅可起到连接作用,而且还可以促进荧光基团发光。 Chi-Huey Wong PNAS 15, 2006 103 12371–12376

  29. Click chemistry在蛋白质的应用: 原位制备类抗体蛋白 Christian P. R. Hackenberger and Dirk Schwarzer Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 10030 – 10074 Valery V. Fokin, K. Barry Sharpless and James R. Heath Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 4944 –4948

  30. Click chemistry在DNA中的应用: Thomas Carell Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 8350 – 8358 Org. Lett., 10,2008 249-251 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3442 –3444

  31. Click chemistry 的优缺点: 优点:1. 叠氮,端炔罕见于生物体内; 2. 反应速度较快(在细胞溶菌液中的速度是staudinger ligation反应的25倍); 3. 反应有很好的区域选择性,没有背景标记。 缺点:1. 非Cu催化的Huisgen反应需要加压或加热,不适于生物相容性反应; 2. 端炔在生物体内可以反应,不能实现生物正交反应; 3. Cu对细胞是有毒性的。

  32. Strain-Promoted Huisgen reaction 1.0(0.0012M-1s-1) Staudinger ligation:0.0025M-1s-1 Cu catalyst click:0.0625M-1s-1(not in vivo) 1.8 0.5 0.5 C. R. Bertozzi, J. Am. Chem.Soc. 2004, 126, 15046 ACS Chem. Biol. 2006, 1, 644 Chembiochem 2004, 5, 637. PNAS 2007 104,16793. J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2008, 130, 11486–1493 31.8(0.076M-1s-1)

  33. 环张力 huisgen 反应 优点:室温,无催化,无毒。(环张力释放的18kcal/mol的大于成环所需的能量) 缺点:反应速度慢 反应速率有所提高

  34. C. R. Bertozzi, J. Am. Chem.Soc. 2004, 126, 15046

  35. Geert-Jan Boons Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 2253 –2255

  36. 另外本文也给出了含炔八元环的合成方法,见下图。另外本文也给出了含炔八元环的合成方法,见下图。 Carolyn R. Bertozzi Org. Lett., 10, 2008 3097-3099 (ol801141k.pdf)

  37. Carolyn R. Bertozzi NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY 25 2007,1483-1487 PNAS 2007 104 16793–16797

  38. In Vivo Imaging of Membrane-Associated Glycans in Developing Zebrafish Carolyn R. Bertozzi 320 SCIENCE, 2008 664-667

  39. 另一种环张力促进的huisgen反应: Floris P. J. T. Rutjes ChemBioChem 2007, 8, 1504 – 1508 Floris P. J. T. Rutjes ChemBioChem 2008, 9, 1805 – 1815

  40. Photoactivated Huisgen reaction J. S. Clovis, A. Eckell, R. Huisgen, R. Sustmann, Chem. Ber.1967, 100, 60. Qing Lin Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2008, 47, 2832 –2835

  41. Qing Lin J. AM. CHEM. SOC.2008, 130, 9654–9655

  42. Qing Lin Org. Lett., Vol. 9, No. 21, 2007 4155-4158 Qing Lin Org. Lett., Vol. 10, No. 17, 2008 3725-3728

  43. Other Huisgen reaction 这里作者使用了另一类生成N,O杂环的Huisgen反应,并提供了其所选底物的合成方法。 Thomas Carell Org. Lett., 11, 2009,2405-2408

  44. Diels-Alder reaction 2008年ScottA.Hilderbrand课题组通过使用四氮烯类化合物来做二烯体进行了活细胞的标记,无论是产率, 选择性,还是速率都非常高。 约1.9 M-1 s-1 S. A. Hilderbrand Bioconjugate Chem.2008, 19, 2297 – 2299.

  45. Fast and Sensitive Pretargeted Labeling of Cancer Cells through a Tetrazine/trans-Cyclooctene Cycloaddition 6000±200 M-1 s-1 Scott A .Hilderbrand Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7013 –7016

  46. J. M. Fox, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,130, 2008 13518 – 13519.

  47. The thiol-ene reaction Alessandro Dondoni Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2008, 47, 8995 – 8997 Horst Kunz Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2007, 46, 5226 –5230 历史最早的thiol-ene T. Posner, Chem. Ber. 1905, 38, 646 – 657.

  48. Thiyl Glycosylation of Olefinic Proteins: S-Linked Glycoconjugate Synthesis Benjamin G. Davis J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2008, 130, 5052–5053 Benjamin G. Davis Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7798 –7802

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