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A Workshop for Educators! At University of New Hampshire June 28-July 1, 2004

A Workshop for Educators! At University of New Hampshire June 28-July 1, 2004. Introduction to Remote Sensing. View of Earth rising over the Moon’s horizon taken by Apollo 11 astronauts. A legacy of the Apollo Program was a commitment to use space technology to study the Earth ….

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A Workshop for Educators! At University of New Hampshire June 28-July 1, 2004

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  1. A Workshop for Educators! At University of New Hampshire June 28-July 1, 2004 Introduction to Remote Sensing

  2. View of Earth rising over the Moon’s horizon taken by Apollo 11 astronauts A legacy of the Apollo Program was a commitment to use space technology to study the Earth …

  3. A legacy of the Apollo Program was a commitment to use space technology to study the Earth … Today we routinely study the land, atmosphere, and oceans from platforms in space …

  4. LAND • REMOTE SENSING • Features have distinct spectral signatures • Boundaries are crisp and fixed in time • Scales to resolve are: • ~ 10-100 m • 10-100 days • Methods: clustering & classification Landsat Image of Portsmouth, NH

  5. OCEAN • REMOTE SENSING • Spectral variation is subtle and requires high signal-to-noise ratios • Boundaries are fluid and variable in time • Scales to resolve are: • ~ 1-10 km • 1-10 days • Methods: atmospheric correction; bio-optical algorithms

  6. Nova Scotia Cape Cod This is an infrared image of the Gulf of Maine region that has been converted to temperature…

  7. The spatial resolution is ~1 km in this image

  8. The satellite remote sensing images served by GoMOOS are from several satellites… This is a sea surface temperature (SST) image derived from an Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor onboard a NOAA satellite. This is a chlorophyll (Chl) image derived from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) onboard the OrbView-2 satellite operated by ORBIMAGE.

  9. The satellite remote sensing images served by GoMOOS are from several satellites… This is a sea surface temperature (SST) image derived from an Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor onboard a NOAA satellite. This is a chlorophyll (Chl) image derived from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) onboard the OrbView-2 satellite operated by ORBIMAGE.

  10. This shows the coverage of the SeaWiFS in a single day. On the next day, SeaWiFS will pass over the blank (black) areas, thus acquiring complete global coverage every two days … but cloudiness limits the view.

  11. Multispectral Capabilites Quasi-True Color are used to quantify the density of biomass … • 8 bands in visible and near infrared

  12. 0 Land vegetation Ocean chlorophyll, mg/m3 90

  13. Global Biosphere: March 2002

  14. Global Biosphere: April 2002

  15. Global Biosphere: May 2002

  16. Half of all primary production occurs in the ocean … … where it is carried out by microalgae (phytoplankton)

  17. Thermal infrared (IR) radiation is emitted by the Earth … and is related to its temperature. Reflected solar radiation includes visible and “near” infrared radiation… . and is used in “ocean color” remote sensing. All satellite remote sensors detect electromagnetic radiation (EMR) …

  18. Multispectral Capabilites Quasi-True Color The ratio of the blue band (443 nm) to the green band (555 nm) is used to derive the chlorophyll concentration in the ocean.

  19. Effect of Chlorophyll on Water Reflectance Spectra 443 nm 550 nm clear blue water green water

  20. Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) Pigment Algorithm

  21. CZCS Global Climatology (Nov. 1978~Jun. 1986)

  22. SeaWiFS Chlorophyll Algorithm (OC4.V4, O’Reilly et al., 2000)

  23. SeaWiFS composite image (1997~2000)

  24. For most ocean waters, phytoplankton are the only substance affecting the color of the water. These waters are called “Case 1 waters.”

  25. Today’s research is focusing on the coastal ocean… Unlike the “Case 1” waters of the open ocean, where phytoplankton are the only substance affecting the color of the water, there are numerous substances affecting the color of coastal waters… • dissolved organic matter • suspended sediment • phytoplankton pigments These are called “Case 2” waters….

  26. This is a “true color” image acquired on April 12, 1998.

  27. This is a “true color” image acquired on September 23 1999, following passage of Hurricane Floyd.

  28. The mission of the university is to educate the next generation to use today’s technologies … ..for Earth and environmental sciences.

  29. December 1972

  30. 30 years later…

  31. How could we have imagined today’s technology 30 years ago? How do we prepare students for a future we can’t even imagine?

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