1 / 117

World War I

World War I. Chapter 23. Teddy Roosevelt. Sickly child – turns to exercise Loves adventure and the outdoors ADHD!!! “ Steam engine in pants ” “ At a wedding, Teddy wants to be the bride, at a funeral, Teddy wants to be the corpse. ” Death of first wife & mother on same day

mahina
Download Presentation

World War I

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. World War I Chapter 23

  2. Teddy Roosevelt • Sickly child – turns to exercise • Loves adventure and the outdoors • ADHD!!! “Steam engine in pants”“At a wedding, Teddy wants to be the bride, at a funeral, Teddy wants to be the corpse.” • Death of first wife & mother on same day • Failed ranching adventure • Prolific reader

  3. Teddy Roosevelt • Police Commissioner of N.Y.C. • Asst. Sec. of Navy • Rough Rider – Spanish-American War – “Splendid Little War” • Governor of N.Y. • Vice President – was off on a hike when McKinley was assassinated

  4. Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!

  5. Panama: The King’s Crown Treaties going back to 1850 Panama is part of Columbia Encourage rebellion – send ships off coast Dr. Walter Reed – yellow fever, mosquitoes 1903  Hay-Bunau- Varilla Treaty.

  6. Panama Canal TR in Panama(Construction begins in 1904)

  7. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1905 Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power .

  8. Constable of the World

  9. Treaty of Portsmouth: 1905 Nobel Peace Prize for Teddy

  10. The Great White Fleet: 1907

  11. Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy” Improve financialopportunities for U.S. businesses. Use private capital tofurther U. S. interestsoverseas. Therefore, the U.S. should create stability and order abroad that would best promote America’s commercial interests. Led to U.S. military interventions

  12. The Mexican Revolution: 1910s Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Mexico and puts Madero in prison where he was murdered. Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, and Alvaro Obregon fought against Huerta. The U.S. also got involved by occupying Veracruz and Huerta fled the country. Eventually Carranza would gain power in Mexico.

  13. The Mexican Revolution: 1910s Emiliano Zapata Pancho Villa Venustiano Carranza Porfirio Diaz Francisco I Madero

  14. Election of 1912 • Taft – Republican • TR – Progressive “Bull Moose” Party – Milwaukee assassination attempt • Woodrow Wilson – Democrat • Taft & TR split the Republicans • Wilson wins

  15. Woodrow Wilson • Privileged childhood • Couldn’t read until age 11 • President of Princeton • Idealist & Intellectual – not so practical

  16. Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy” The U. S. shouldbe the conscienceof the world. Spread democracy. Promote peace. Condemn colonialism.

  17. Searching for Banditos General John J. Pershing with PanchoVilla in 1914.

  18. U. S. Global Investments &Investments in Latin America, 1914

  19. U. S. Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920s

  20. World War I 1914-1918

  21. MANIA • Militarism • Alliances • Nationalism • Imperialism • Autocracies

  22. MILITARISM

  23. All of the countries of Europe built up their armies and navies. In 1914, their armed forces stood like this: As one country increased its armies, the others felt they had to increase their armies also to keep a “balance of power.”

  24. Dreadnaughts – the biggest ships built at the time. Bigger and bigger guns were mounted on them. The European countries compete with each other to build the most. Great Britain has the most with Germany second.

  25. Nationalism Having great pride in one’s country Believing each nationality deserves to have their own country

  26. New Countries & Conflicts Italy unifies in 1861 Germany unifies in 1871 1904 – Britain gives Morocco to France but the Moroccans wanted their independence. Germany supports Moroccan independence. 1908 – Austria-Hungary took over the former Turkish province of Bosnia. Serbia thought Bosnia should be theirs. Germany supported Austria-Hungary and Russia supported Serbia. Russia backs down to avoid war. 1912 – Bulgaria, Serbia, Montenegro & Greece drive Turkey out of Europe

  27. Imperialism Britain, Germany & France needed foreign markets after the Industrial Revolution. They competed for economic expansion in Africa. As the Ottoman Empire crumbled, its former territory was fought over by Austria-Hungary, the Balkan states (Serbia, Bulgaria), and Russia.

  28. Autocracies – The Cousins • Russia: Tsar Nicholas II • Weak leader, lost a war with Japan in 1904 • was more concerned for his only son who had hemophilia, his wife turned to Rasputin for help • He kept power using the Cossacks (cavalry) against protests and by his secret police until 1917 when civil war erupts in Russia and they withdraw from the war • Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm II • Had a withered arm & slight paralysis which made him unsteady on his feet. • To overcome this his teachers bullied him to make him tough. He grew up to be an unstable and aggressive person.

  29. Aristocracies - Collapsing • Austria-Hungary • Put together through strategic marriages and diplomacy • The ruling family was losing its power and Emperor Franz Josef was aging and ineffective • Ottoman Empire • Ruled by a corrupt government it collapses and leaves territory in Europe to be fought over by neighboring countries

  30. Aristocracies - Weak • France • Tried to stop the German states from uniting in 1871 and in the process lost their own territory of Alsace-Lorraine • Italy • Formed in 1866 – chaotic government and small army – Mafia and corruption

  31. The Spark – June 28, 1914 Assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie by Gavrilo Princip

  32. Triple Entente & Central Powers • Also known as the Allies – France, Britain & Russia. • The Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary & Italy along with the Ottoman Empire. • Alliances were thought to deter war because it would make a country think twice before declaring war on another country.

  33. Schlieffen Plan • German Plan to attack France by going through Belgium • France expected attack on border with Germany in area called Alsace-Lorraine • Germany thought it could quickly march through Belgium and swoop down around Paris and take France out of the war quickly

  34. Sweep Through Belgium

  35. Belgium puts up a fight August1914

  36. France & Britain are quick to join in September1914

  37. Russians Attack from the East • Germany has to divide its army and fight on both sides of the country. • Russian Army problems – • Corrupt officers • Out of date weapons • Soldiers spoke different languages • Railroads were of different gauges

  38. Trench Warfare • Rats, lice, trench foot, trench mouth • No man’s land • Barbed wire & flame throwers • Mortar bombardment • Chemical attacks

  39. Flamethrowers

  40. Machine Guns Vickers Machine Gun Browning Machine Gun & Rifle

  41. Poison Gas

  42. Pilots • Average life span of a fighter pilot in WWI was just a few weeks – no parachutes • Propeller was obstacle to firing out the front until Anton Fokker created a timing belt so bullets would only fire between the propeller blades

  43. The Red Baron • Manfred von Richthofen • 80 kills • Top American had 26 planes shot down – Eddie Rickenbacker

  44. My memories are of sheer terror and the horror of seeing men sobbing because they had trench foot that had turned gangrenous. They knew they were going to lose a leg. Memories of lice in your clothing driving you crazy. Filth and lack of privacy. Of huge rats that showed no fear of you as they stole your food rations. And cold deep wet mud everywhere. And of course, corpses. I'd never seen a dead body before I went to war. But in the trenches the dead are lying all around you. You could be talking to the fellow next to you when suddenly he'd be hit by a sniper and fall dead beside you. And there he's stay for days.

  45. Official U. S. position in 1914 • Officially the U.S. was neutral • The U. S. does not become officially involved in World War I until 1917. • Most Americans saw no reason for the U.S. to become involved and lose lives of its young men in a European war.

  46. British Blockade • Britain used its very powerful navy to blockade the German coast and prevent weapons & military supplies from getting through. • Blockade included food and extended to the ports of neutral countries • By 1917, Germany was experiencing famine – Estimated 750,000 Germans starved to death because of the British blockade

  47. U-Boats • Unterseeboot (under water boat) • Any British or Allied ship found in waters around Britain would be sunk without warning to passengers or crew • Lusitania – May 7, 1915 – off coast of Ireland, 1,198 dead including 128 Americans • Turns public opinion against Germany

More Related