Product Meeting July 2007

1. Product Meeting July 2007 Alfie Palmier Part 1

2. Why are you all here?

3. Aims and Objectives Acquire knowledge about the Company and how it all started. Inform yourself about potential dangers in your own home. Know the alternatives and appreciate the difference (Part 2)

4. Where did it start ? • Started in the U.S.A back in 1987 • Revolutionised by one mans ambition and determination for a safer domestic household. • This man’s name was Tom Mower

5. Why it Started ? • Tom Mower was an Biochemist • A Biochemist is a qualified person who is linked to both the chemical and biological aspects of Nature. Example: If there is a tree that is sick, he will analyse and identify any factors that might be playing a role in the illness, determine the mechanism of the reactions involved and then examine a possible remedy.

6. Why it Started ? • He was married to Mrs. Dee. Mower • He had a young son, toddler. • And just like that on one fine day his wife started to note that their son was loosing a lot of hair. • His wife approached him and told him about the problem and he could not understand. • However as a Biochemist he was determined to find the answer.

7. What did he find out ? He started with the basics by analysing the possibilities of things, in particular substances, coming into contact with his son’s hair At such a young age, his son, obviously did not use gels or waxes but he was definitely exposed to shampoo.

8. ……how many of you have actually ever turned a normal bottle of shampoo round to view its ingredients ??…….

9. What did he find out ? • He started to look at the ingredients and the first ingredient was aqua or sterilised water this was something common to all, it is used as a medium to dissolve all water soluble compounds. However what followed was shocking. • He discovered a compound know as SLS or Sodium Lauryl Sulphate • Tom mower was also a qualified Industrial chemist and knew that Sodium Lauryl sulphate was indeed a degreasing agent used by many firm.

10. What did he find out ? • However its use was strictly regulated by the use of safety gloves, goggles, and clothing. • The reason was simple it was highly irritant to the skin. • He knew what it was used for but couldn’t understand why they used it in the shampoo • SLS is know to be a predisposing factor in the development of eye related illnesses in children that can lead to blindness not to mention, the possibility of cancer due to their absorption through the skin.

11. So he decided to give them a call and ask the exact reasons……..remember he was also an industrial chemist and therefore had a lot of contacts within chemical industrial firms.

12. What did he find out ? They told him it was used for two main reasons: As it was Legal & Cheap

13. Why was it Legal then ?

14. Why is it Legal ? • Back in 1938, the USA came up with a system which would regulate the surge of products on the market • These products varied form Food and drink to Cosmetics • This government funded organisation is still present today and is known as the FDA or Food and Drug Admimistration. • This would ensure strict regulations on a range of substances and provide consumer safety

15. Why is it Legal ? • However back then they did not have the information we have today about these chemical substances. • In fact taking one particular issue which today we can contradict is the interpretation of the skin. The FDA thought that the skin was a Protective Barrier. Therefore anything that is Outside stays Outside whilst anything that is Inside stays Inside Today we can prove outherwise in fact we can compare the skin more to a Dry Sponge !!

16. Skin-Sponge Assumption In order to explain this I shall use some few examples which you are sure to know about :- • Nicotine Patches • Gels and creams

17. Skin-Sponge Assumption Nicotine Patches Drug crystal Drug Molecule Nicotine patches are made simply by placing a matrix which is composed of strand like structures fused into each other forming a grid. These are then attached to a membrane like adhesive strip. The matrix contains nicotine and in first diffuses through the adhesive strip and then absorbed through the skin. Matrix Skin Removable protective strip Adhesive strip

18. Skin-Sponge Assumption Gels and Creams When a Pharmacist dispenses a gel or a cream it is so it can be applied to topical areas meaning to particular localised areas intended for treatment. However when applying the cream or gel has it ever occurred to you how it works? The cream and gel are both composed of a matrix trapping the medicine within the grid structure. When you rub the particular preparation into your skin it allows the medicine to seep out and by diffusion it is absorbed by the skin, into the effected area and causes relief.

19. Skin-Sponge Assumption So as you can see the penetration of substances into the skin is not something which is unheard of but quite on the contrary it is the basis for many Pharmaceutical preparations. But even though this is a fundamental Pharmaceutical Benefit, it is also a disadvantage to all human. This puts us at risk 24hrs a day from absorbing potentially dangerous chemicals that may lead to several medical conditions.

20. Harmful Chemicals

21. General Facts • Over 1000 new chemical compounds are produced each year. • It is estimated that 400 million tones of synthetic chemicals are manufactured annually world wide • Some 3000 synthetic chemicals made since 1945 have been detected in human body tissue and secretions including breast milk • It is estimated that 5000 – 10000 chemicals are considered hazardous, of which 150-200 are thought to cause cancer. • Only 14% of chemicals produced in large quantities in the European Union have a minimum set of safety data sheets.

22. Cancer A cancer is basically an abnormal, rapid and uncontrollable growth of a group of cells. In reality a devastating disease but easy to explain. Some Statistics • Back in 1901 the cases of Cancer where 1 : 8000 • Today that figure is 1 : 3 • In 10yrs time the figure will be 1 : 2 • What about in 20yrs time ? 1 : 1 ??

23. Chemical Compounds Found in Normal Domestic Consumables

24. Harmful Chemicals The list of these chemicals seems to be never ending, however we shall mention just a few. • Sodium Lauryl / Laureth Sulphate • Talc Powder • Sodium Flouride • Methychlorothiazolinone • Aluminium and Propylene Glycol • Petrolatum

25. Sodium Lauryl Sulphate and Sodium Laureth Sulphate

26. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate What is it ? Sodium Lauryl and Laureth Sulphate are Foaming agents better known in the scientific community as Surfactants. How do they work ? SLS and SLES both have the same molecular structure and function Head – likes water Tail – likes OIL

27. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate They work by removing grease from given areas. It does so by encasing it in a sphere, composed of individual surfactant head and tails arranged in symmetry next to each other. The oil loving tails within whilst out on the surface the water loving heads which are able to be washed off.

28. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate The difference between Lauryl and Laureth Sodium Lauryl Sulphate is an abrasive and highly irritant substance. In fact this is more used in shampoos than in shower gels were contact with the skin is not so evident however there are no fixed rules. This reason or better yet the characteristic of SLS made scientist create an alternative substance which was less irritant. This compounds name was Sodium Laureth Sulphate or SLES.

29. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate Ethoxylation Sodium Lauryl Sulphate The reaction involved The process of ethoxylation is not a simple reaction from SLS to SLES, but it actually involves several intermediate reactions. One particular intermediate is one of the most dangerous chemicals around it is called 1,4 – Dioxane and belongs to a class of compounds known as Dioxins Sodium Laureth Sulphate

30. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate Medical Related Illnesses SLS and SLES are both absorbed by the skin and because both of these structures have a very low molecular weight they act as fatty acids i. e. they easily penetrate through the fatty membrane surrounding all neighbouring cells. With this ability both SLS and SLES, the American College of Toxicology reports, are able to precipitate or accumulate in certain organs such as the heart, liver, kidney and brain. This will lead to the development of problems or medical ailments later on in life.

31. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate Some related conditions • Skin System Dysfunction • May effect the eyes of children from developing properly • May cause cataracts in Adults and delay healing of wounds on the surface of the cornea However by far are these the worst of our concerns. The problems lies with the intermediate before that I mentioned named 1,4 – Dioxane.

32. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate Dioxins The history of these molecules goes way back to several events in history. The molecule1, 4 – dioxane was nicknamed agent orange in the Vietnam war. It was used as a gas sprayed over vegitation to expose the enemy. A consequence of this was that people who came in contact with it developed severe blisters which caused disfigurement of the whole body and spontaneous development of cancer. Traces of this are found in many household products including bleaching agents and products containg SLES.

33. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate One of the most prominent cases of dioxin poisoning was that in December 2004 of the Ukranian president Viktor Yushchenko. It is extremely toxic, on ingestion it causes ulcers in the stomach, rashes on the skin which also lead to ulcers which cause deformities to the bodies interior and exterior. Dioxin

34. Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulphate Additional Information on what 1, 4 – dioxane does? • It mimics oestrogen (female hormone) and works in a fashion to disrupt cellular activity. It increases the possibility of breast and endometrial cancer. • Accounts for low sperm counts and infertility in men.

35. Talc Powder

36. Talc Powder • Talc is a Mineral of grey-green colour. • Its use has varied during years in both cosmetics and personal care products. • Today one of the most popular uses of talc is as a dry lubricant powder used alone after a bath or in latex gloves and condoms. • Dry lubricants show minimal bacterial growth thus they are preferred to wet lubricants.

37. Talc Powder Talc has the following chemical Structure: Mg3 Si4 O10 (OH)2 However if we look closer at this we can see that it resembles another very dangerous chemical mineral with the following structure Mg3 (Si2O5)(OH)4 Chrysotile known as ASBESTOS

38. Talc Powder • Talc fibres have very similar chemical properties, shape and structure to that of Asbestos. • On inhalation, may cause chromosomal damage and may lead to pulmonary conditions such as emphysema, asthma and possible pulmonary carcinoma like Asbestos.

39. Sodium Fluoride

40. Sodium Fluoride Fluorides as a general note have been added to water as a process of fluoridation. This was done to promote fluoride in the diet. It was added later to toothpastes and tooth gels, as it protected the teeth from plaque. Therefore acting as an anti-plaque agent. However findings prove today that minute quantities in the blood stream deposit in organs and leads to several effects

41. Sodium Fluoride Some related medical conditions include: • Hypersensitivity (ADHD syndrome) in children • Lethargy and Malaise • Fluoride accumulation in the bone makes them dense but more brittle therefore will easily break!! The contamination of blood with sodium fluoride is easy, as on brushing the teeth, gums bleed and sodium fluoride seeps into the blood.

42. Sodium Fluoride • An added function of Sodium Fluoride is as a Neurotoxin. A Neurotoxin is a substance that will lead to nerve breakdown and deterioration. • This function allows this to be used in two other products: • Rat Poison (45% of content) • Roach Poison Lets stop and think though, if it causes Neurotoxicity in rats with just one dose….what does it do to humans with repeated doses of toothpaste?

43. Sodium Fluoride Today toothpastes and tooth gels have an added note of caution on the back of the product box. This is an extract taken from a renowned toothpaste for children “ WARNING: As with all Fluoride toothpaste, keep out of the reach of children under 6 years of age. If you accidentally swallow more than used for brushing, seek professional assistance or contact a Poison centre immediately.” In addition to all this it also offers you the Freephone Number 1 – 800 – 468 – 6502 in case of emergency.

44. Sodium Fluoride • Some extra information for you all is that all toothpastes contain surfactants, in order to allow them to foam. • The surfactants used in 99% of all cases are SLS and SLES • To add insult to injury, if the toothpaste is termed “DEEP CLEAN” it contains an additional ingredient known as Propylene Glycol • Remember that before we said that the surfactant were absorbed through the skin, whereas here they are being rubbed into the gums and directly into the blood stream.

45. MethylchlorothiazolinoneandMethylthiazolinone

46. Methylchlorothiazolinone • Methychlorothiazolinone and methylthiazolinone are preservatives used in many hair gels • Therefore these two compounds are Biocides or anti-bacterials. • According to the Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsbourgh, School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA : Brief exposures to the substance can cause Neurotoxicity i.e. damage to the “ cellular wires that connect the brain to various organs and muscles…..” • However all those people who use hair gel don’t only use it once but on the contrary, everyday so it is way past a brief exposure!!

47. Aluminium

48. Aluminium Aluminium is found in Antiperspirants. But do you know what the difference between an antiperspirant and a deodorant ? Deodorants work by neutralizing the smell of the perspiration mixed with "body matter" (skin, hair and other bacterial goodies we carry around on ourselves all day), and by antiseptic action against that bacteria. Deodorants are more health cautious because they don’t interfere with perspiration, a natural cooling process.

49. Aluminium Antiperspirants work by clogging, closing, or blocking the pores with powerful astringents -- such as aluminum salts -- so that they cannot release perspiration.  Many natural health care proponents argue against using aluminum because it accumulates in the brain. This is present especially in many roll on preparations. Antiperspirant molecules Skin Pore Sweat

50. Aluminium • The antiperspirant molecule is a large molecule made from an Aluminium Complex as shown below X – Al3+ - Y l Z • X, Y and Z are additional molecules joined to Aluminium to make it bulky however if these are removed or their bonds break Aluminium is left alone • The molecule now is no longer bulky and enters the pore, into the blood stream and directly deposits in the brain