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Finland in PISA. The Reasons behind the Results Markku Linna. Education System of Finland. 5. 4. 4. SPECIALIST VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS. 3. POLYTECHNICS (AMK INSTITUTIONS). 3. UNIVERSITIES. 2. 2. 1. 1. Work experience. FURTHER VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS. 3. UPPER SECONDARY
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Finland in PISA The Reasons behind the Results Markku Linna
Education System of Finland 5 4 4 SPECIALIST VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS 3 POLYTECHNICS (AMK INSTITUTIONS) 3 UNIVERSITIES 2 2 1 1 Work experience FURTHER VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS 3 UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS 3 VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 2 2 1 1 Work experience 10 16 9 15 8 14 7 13 6 12 COMPULSORY EDUCATION 5 BASIC EDUCATION 11 4 10 3 9 2 8 1 7 Pre-school education in schools or children’s day care centres 6 Age School years
PISA PROGRAMME • An OECD Programme for International Student Assessment, which produces data on learning outcome in an international framework. • Surveys every three years, with focus on • reading skills (PISA 2000) • mathematical skills (PISA 2003) and • science skills (PISA 2006) • problem-solving skills • The 2003 PISA focused on mathematical literacy
Pisa tests: • how well 15-year-olds master basic skills they will need in future society in order to respond to changes in working life and to lead quality lives ? • what kind of factors influence these skills and how these skills develop ? • Pisa does not assess learning of curricular content.
PISA 2003 MAIN RESULTS Young Finns : • rank highest among the OECD countries in • mathematical literacy (544 points) • science literacy (548 points) • reading literacy (543 points) • are among the top in problem-solving (548 points) • performed well and uniformly in all the areas.
The proportion of poorly performing students was small and that of high-performers excellent. • Differences across regions and schools were small. • Gender differences have decreased in all the performance areas.
Variance in student performance between schools and within schools on the mathematics scaleExpressed as a percentage of the average variance in student performance in OECD countries Between-school variance Within-school variance
Annual expenditure on educational institutions per student in primary through tertiary education (2003) In equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs, for primary to tertiary education, based on full-time equivalents. Source: OECD: 2006
Cumulative number of intended instruction hours in public institutions between ages 7 and 14This chart shows the total number of hours of instruction a student in public sector education can expect to receive from the age of 7 years up to and including 14 years. Source: OECD 2006
Background of Good Results • Equal opportunities for education irrespective of domicile, sex, economic situation or mother tongue • Instruction, books, school materials and welfare services at school free of charge • Comprehensive, non-selective basic education • Teachers highly qualified professionals (master´s degree), profession valued, position autonomous
Background of Good Results • Individual support for the learning and welfare of pupils, student counselling. Special needs education based on inclusion • Development-oriented evaluation and pupil assessment–sample -based national testing of learning outcome, no ranking lists • Significance of education in the society, broad political consensus on education policy
Background of Good Results • Supportive and flexible administration – centralised steering of the whole, local implementation. Strong autonomy of municipal authorities in providing and organizing education • The role of home-school relations and co-operation between schools and other authorities and society important– the idea of partnership • Philosophy of education, core curriculum and teaching methods are learner-oriented
Backgound of good results • Good network of public libraries • History and tradition • Trust
Future • But what about the future