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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. (Corpus spongiosum). Ductuli. TESTIS. TESTIS. Stroma: 1- Tunica vaginalis. 2- Tunica albuginea. 3- Tunica vasculosa. 4- Septa. 5- Interstitial tissue. (B) Parenchyma: 1- Seminiferous tubules. 2- Interstitial cells of Leydig.

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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

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  1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

  2. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  3. (Corpus spongiosum)

  4. Ductuli

  5. TESTIS

  6. TESTIS • Stroma: 1- Tunica vaginalis. 2- Tunica albuginea. 3- Tunica vasculosa. 4- Septa. 5- Interstitial tissue. (B) Parenchyma: 1- Seminiferous tubules. 2- Interstitial cells of Leydig.

  7. STROMA OF THE TESTIS

  8. TUNICA VAGINALIS • It is the visceral layer of serous sac. • It is formed of mesothelial cells. • It is found in the anterior & lateral surfaces of the testis.

  9. TUNICA ALBUGINEA • Dense irregular collagenous C.T.

  10. TUNICA VASCULOSA • It is formed of loose vascular C.T. • Lininig The Tunica albuginea • And surrounding the septa.

  11. SEPTA OF THE TESTIS • Dense irregular collagenous C.T. • Incomplete non-branching septa. • Radiate from mediastinum testis. • Divide the testis into about 250 intercommunicating compartments (testicular lobules= lobuli testis).

  12. INTERSTITIAL TISSUE • Loose vascular C.T. in between the seminiferous tubules. • Contents: 1- Loose vascular C.T. (mention). 2- Interstitial cells of Leydig.

  13. INTERSTITIAL TISSUE

  14. PARENCHYMA OF THE TESTIS • Seminiferous tubules. • Interstitial cells of Leydig.

  15. INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF LEYDIG(L/M) Are rounded or polygonal. Are found singly or in groups. Nucleus: Central, rounded, vesicular With prominent nucleolus. Some cells are binucleated. Cytoplasm: Pale, acidophilic & vacuolated.

  16. INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF LEYDIG(E/M) Abundant sER. Mitochondria: Numerous, With tubular cristae. Numerous lipid droplets. Some rER. Crystals of Reinke. FUNCTION: Secrete testosterone.

  17. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES • 1-4 seminiferous tubules in each testicular lobule. • Each is lined with seminiferous epithelium. • Seminiferous epithelium contains 2 types of cells: 1- Spermatogenic cells (are germ cells). 2- Sertoli cells (are somatic cells). • Each is surrounded by: 1- Basement membrane. 2- Tunica propria: C.T. layer (collagen fibers + fibroblasts) which contains 1-2 layers of Myoid cells. Myoid cells are not found in man.

  18. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE

  19. SERTOLI CELLS

  20. SERTOLI CELL (E/M)

  21. SERTOLI CELL (L/M) Are tall columnar cells (or pyramidal cells). Have ill-defined lateral cell boundaries. “ “ “ apex. Nucleus: Basal, Vesicular, Irregular (why? Infoldings), With prominent nucleolus. Cytoplasm: Pale basophilic.

  22. SERTOLI CELLS (E/M) sER: ++++ rER: limited Golgi apparatus: well-developed Mitochondria: Numerous Lysosomes: Numerous Cytoskeletal elements: Abundant Crystalloids of Charcott-Boettcher Occluding junctions (Zonula type)

  23. SERTOLI CELLS Functions: 1- Support & Nutrition of spermatogenic cells. 2- Phagocytosis. 3- Secretion: Testicular fluid, ABP, Inhibin H. 4- Formation of blood-testis barrier.

  24. SERTOLI CELLS Dividability: Can not divide in reproductive period.

  25. BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER • It is composed by attachment of processes of the lateral borders of adjacent Sertoli cells by zonula occluding (tight) junctions. • It divides spermatogenic cells into 2 compartments: 1- Basal compartment: contains spermatogonia. 2-Adluminal compartment: contains the other spermatogenic cells. • Function: 1- It prevents autoimmune infertility. 2- It protects spermatocytes from drugs and toxic materials.

  26. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE

  27. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE

  28. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE

  29. SPERMATOGENIC CELLS • (1) Spermatogonia: - Type A Spermatogonia: Dark type A Pale type A - Type B Spermatogonia. • (2) 1ry Spermatocytes. • (3) 2ry Spermatocytes. • (4) Spermatids: early & late. • (5) Spermatozoa.

  30. SPERMIOGENESIS

  31. SPERMIOGENESIS • Definition: Transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa. • Features: 1- Formation of acrosome. 2- Nucleus: Condensation, elongation, slight flattening, acrosomal cap (head cap). 3- Development of flagellum. 4- Formation of mitochondrial sheath. 5- Loss of much cytoplasm: Cytoplasmic residual bodies→ Are phagocytosed by Sertoli cells.

  32. INTRATESTICULAR GENITALDUCTS Ductuli

  33. INTRATESTICULAR GENITAL DUCTS 1- Tubuli recti. 2- Rete testis. 3- Ductuli efferentes (Vasa efferentia).

  34. TUBULI RECTI • Epithelium: Initial segment: Sertoli-like cells. Distal segment: simple cuboidal epith.

  35. RETE TESTIS • Epithelium: Simple cuboidal epithelium.

  36. DUCTULI EFFERENTES • No: 10-20. • Structure: 1- Epithelium: Patches of simple cuboidal cells(Absorptive) alternating with regions of ciliated columnar cells. 2- C.T. layerwith few circularly-arranged SMFs.

  37. EXTRATESTICULAR GENITAL DUCTS (Corpus spongiosum)

  38. EXTRATESTICULAR GENITAL DUCTS 1- Ductus epididymis. 2- “ deferens (Vas deferens). 3- Ejaculatory duct.

  39. EPIDIDYMIS

  40. EPIDIDYMIS

  41. EPIDIDYMIS(DUCTUS EPIDIDYMIS) • Head + Body + Tail. • Structure: • Epithelium: Ps. Str. Col. E. with stereocilia. (E/M of stereocilia: Long, branched, non-motile microvilli). (2) Basal lamina. (3) Loose C.T. (4) Layer of circularly-arranged SMFs.

  42. V Vas (ductus) Deferens

  43. DUCTUS DEFERENS(VAS DEFERENS) (1) Epithelium: Ps. Str. Col. E with stereocilia (2) Basal lamina. (3) Loose C.T. (Loose fibroelastic C.T.). N.B. Lumen is irregular- why? Mucosa has longitudinal folds. (4) Thick smooth muscle coat ( 3 layers): Inner longitudinal muscle layer. Middle circular “ “ . Outer longitudinal “ “ . (5) Adventitia: Loose fibroelastic C.T. N.B. Ampulla has highly folded, thickened epithelium.

  44. EJACULATORY DUCT • Epithelium: Simple columnar epithelium. (2) Subepithelial C.T.: is folded. N.B. No smooth muscle in its wall.

  45. ACCESSORY GENITAL GLANDS 1- Seminal vesicles (one pair). 2- Prostate. 3- Bulbourethral glands ( one pair).

  46. SEMINAL VESICLE

  47. SEMINAL VESICLE

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