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Ch 1 Intro. to Flexible Electronics and Printing Technology

Interfacial Physics and Thin-Film Processing. Ch 1 Intro. to Flexible Electronics and Printing Technology. Fall, 2013. Instructor: J.-W. John Cheng Mech. Engr. Dept., Nat ’ l Chung Cheng Univ. Outline. 1.1 Prospects and Fabrication Challenge of Flexible Electronics

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Ch 1 Intro. to Flexible Electronics and Printing Technology

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  1. Interfacial Physics and Thin-Film Processing Ch 1 Intro. to Flexible Electronics and Printing Technology Fall, 2013 Instructor: J.-W. John Cheng Mech. Engr. Dept., Nat’l Chung Cheng Univ.

  2. Outline • 1.1 Prospects and Fabrication Challenge of Flexible Electronics • 1.2 Overview of Printing Technologies • Flexography, gravure printing, screen printing • Inkjet printing, micro-contact printing • References

  3. 1.1 Prospect and Fabrication Challenge of Flexible Electronics

  4. What Is Flexible Electronics? • Flexible electronics • Electronics “can be bent, flexed*, conformed or rolled without losing functionality” • Closely related names • Organic electronics • Electronics made of organic materials, non-silicon • Printed electronics • Electronics fabricated using printing method * flex = bend repeatedly

  5. OE-A Roadmap for Organic and Printed Electronics Applications Source: Organic and Printed Electronics, 4th ed., OE-A (Organic Electronics Association), 2011

  6. Applications – Flexible Displays Sony full-color flexible display 2007 (http://pinktentacle.com/2007/05/flexible-full-color-organic-el-display/) Samsung full-color flexible display 2011 http://www.tomshardware.com/news/flexible-amoled-oled-screen-folding,12929.html

  7. Applications – Flexible Photovoltaics Organic solar bag by Neuber 2010 (http://www.energyharvestingjournal.com/articles/progress-with-flexible-photovoltaics-00002212.asp?sessionid=1)

  8. Applications – Flexible Lighting Prototype OLED lamps by China’s Visionox (http://www.oled-info.com/oled-light)

  9. Applications – Flexible RFID Flexible RFID by Kovio 2010 with inkjet printed nanosilicon transistors on stainless steel foil (http://www.printedelectronicsworld.com/articles/printed_rfid_in_2010_00001961.asp) # of proj on RFID • The bottom line • The bad news is that, highest volume RFID is all about tag cost, not multiple benefits from printing such as tightly rollable, invisible, stretchable or edible. • The good news is that fully printed RFID can be one tenth or less of the cost of the conventional silicon chip based tag China: 267

  10. A Turning Point of Flexible Electronics • First commercial success – AMOLED • AMOLED was adopted by Samsung Galaxy series smart phones • 4/2009 – Galaxy (3.2”, 320x480 pixel) • 3/2010 – Galaxy S (4”, 480x800) • 2/2011 – Galaxy S II (4.3”, 480x800) • 5/2012 – Galaxy S III (4.8”, 1280x720) • 4/2013 – Galaxy S IV (5”, 1920x1080) • Samsung became world leading smart phone providers in Q3, 2011 Samsung Galaxy S4 ~58x58 m2/pixel Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_i7500, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_S, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_II, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_III , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_S_IV, http://wallcapture.com/wallpaper/samsung-galaxy-s4-wallpaper.html

  11. Samsung 2011 Success Heralding Arrival of Flexible Electronics From plenary speech of Prof. Karl Leo at LOPE-C 2012

  12. What Is Next and When? Organic Backplane E-inkdisplay RFID ，OTFT… Roof top grid connected General lighting (flexible)technology Rollable OLED TVs From Prof. Karl Leo 2011 Time

  13. Future Market Size of Flexible Electronics • 依據IdTechex 研究預測 • 2027年全球產值約3,300億美元 • 比較重要產品市場為 - 邏輯記憶體 - OLED顯示器 - 太陽能電池 Semiconductor industry revenue in 2012: USD $312.8 billions http://www.isuppli.com/Semiconductor-Value-Chain/News/Pages/Semiconductor-Industry-Revenue-to-Endure-Slow-Growth-in-2012.aspx

  14. Vacuum-Based vs. Printing-Based • Complex processes and equipment • Inconvenient for large-area fabrication • Suitable for large-area roll-to-roll fabrication • Simplified manufacturing processes and equipment • Source: Nikkei Electronics Asia

  15. Expectation of Printing-Based Fab Expectation of Printing-Based Fab Comprising only coating and printing steps Reliable large-scale processing • “If large-scale processing proves to be problematic or impossible, • the concept of polymer solar cells would become a scientific curiosity ….”* [Kre2009] http://www.gm.dk/en/solar/, 20121025 *Vacuum deposition is not applicable to polymers; printing is the only possibility [Kre2009] Krebs, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 93 (2009) 394–412

  16. Challenge: < 10 m Resolution Organic Backplane E-inkdisplay RFID ，OTFT… Roof top grid connected General lighting (flexible)technology Rollable OLED TVs From Prof. Karl Leo 2011 Time • Resolution spec’s based on Galaxy S4 requirements • 58 x 58 m2/pixel, PenTile RGBG • guessing ~66% light output PenTile RGBG OLED subpixel ~20 m resolution OTFT ~5 m resolution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PenTile_matrix_family#PenTile_RGBG

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