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The Truth About Consequences

The Truth About Consequences. Earn your reinforcement by correctly identifying the consequence or schedule…and you will be ready for the exam. Types of Consequences

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The Truth About Consequences

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  1. The Truth About Consequences Earn your reinforcement by correctly identifying the consequence or schedule…and you will be ready for the exam.

  2. Types of Consequences Positive reinforcement – presented after the response and strengthens or increases the response because you get something pleasurable. Negative reinforcement – removes a negative stimuli, and strengthens the response because you have had something undesirable (bad) removed. Punishment – decreases the behavior it follows because you get something bad. Remember – Consequencesor Reinforcers

  3. Remember • Reinforcement tells you what to do. • Punishment tells you what not to do.

  4. What is the type of consequence? • Flushing the toilet right after you hurl chunks’ • Positive Reinforcement or • Negative Reinforcement

  5. What is the type of consequence • Negative reinforcement • Why? (You have removed something bad, or negative, or unwanted).

  6. What is the type of consequence • Frowning or scowling when someone says something you don’t like • Positive Reinforcement • Negative Reinforcement • Punishment

  7. What is the type of consequence • Punishment Why? Because you got something bad or undesirable.

  8. What is the type of consequence? • Having your credit card canceled for not paying your bills

  9. What is the type of consequence? • Punishment Why? You got something bad or undesirable.

  10. What is the type of consequence? • A prisoner-of-war finally telling the enemy what he knows so the torture will be stopped

  11. What is the type of consequence? • Negative reinforcement Removing something bad or undesirable

  12. What is the type of consequence? • You lose your freedom when your parents ground you for a week after curfew violation

  13. What is the type of consequence • Punishment Why?

  14. What is the type of consequence • Fastening your seat belt to turn off the annoying seatbelt buzzer & light

  15. What is the type of consequence • Negative reinforcement Why?

  16. Reinforcement Schedules Reinforces the response in relation to a time lapse: Variable ratio – after an unpredictable number of responses. Fixed Ratio – after a specified number of responses

  17. Reinforcement Schedules Reinforces the response after a time lapse: • Fixed Interval – aftera specified time has elapsed • Variable Interval –at unpredictable time schedules

  18. What is the schedule of reinforcement (ratio or interval) • Fly casting in a stream to catch trout

  19. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Variable ratio Why? You get a reward after an unpredictable number of responses.

  20. What is the type of consequence • Getting a paycheck every Friday

  21. What is the type of consequence • Fixed interval 1 week After a specific number of days

  22. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Getting a break at work every 2 hours

  23. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Fixed interval 2 hours

  24. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Checking the coin returns whenever you’re by a payphone

  25. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Variable ratio

  26. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Frequent flyer program offering a free ticket after the purchase of 20 tickets

  27. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Fixed Ratio 20

  28. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Watching for grades to be posted after an exam

  29. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Variable interval

  30. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Checking your phone or computer for text messages

  31. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Variable interval

  32. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Selling girl scout cookies door to door

  33. What is the schedule of reinforcement? • Variable ratio

  34. Jenna’s cookies • Robert’s co-worker, Jenna, brings homemade cookies to work. Each time Robert visits her in her office, she offers him a cookie. Over time, Robert visits Jenna’s office more and more. • What happened to Robert?

  35. Jenna’s Cookies • Positive Reinforcement

  36. Lisa, problem child • Lisa goes outside and throws rocks at passing cars. Her parents go after her, drag her in off the street and send her to her room. As time goes by, Lisa throws rocks at cars more and more.

  37. Lisa, problem child • Positive Reinforcement • Why?

  38. Ashley • Ashley’s washing machine gets really noisy during the spin cycle, but one day she found it quieted down when she gave it a hard whack. Now she regularly whacks her washing machine.

  39. Ashley • Negative Reinforcement Why?

  40. Ryan, the Ski Bum • Ryan is a terror on the ski slopes. He loves to try daredevil moves, skiing as fast as he can, zigzagging between the other skiers on the busy hill and sometimes even jumping over a fallen skier. The ski patrol “tears his ticket” (takes his lift ticket so he can no longer get up to the top of the slopes). Now Ryan is less of a daredevil on the slopes.

  41. Ryan • Punishment Why?

  42. Also pay attention to Inadvertent Reinforcementyou don’t want to encourage • Positive consequences should only follow behaviors you wish to encourage

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