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Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION

Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION. Unit 4: TOXINS Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry, and Acids and Bases. Lesson 90: Solid Evidence. Precipitation Reactions. ChemCatalyst.

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Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION

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  1. Living By ChemistrySECOND EDITION Unit 4: TOXINS Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry, and Acids and Bases

  2. Lesson 90: Solid Evidence • Precipitation Reactions

  3. ChemCatalyst • Kidney stones are solid blockages that sometimes occur in the kidney. Below is the chemical equation for a double exchange reaction between calcium chloride and sodium oxalate that results in the formation of one type of kidney stone. • CaCl2(aq) + Na2C2O4(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + CaC2O4(s) • What do you expect to see in the beaker if you complete this reaction? • Which compound is the kidney stone? What is your reasoning?

  4. Key Question • Which substances precipitate from aqueous solutions?

  5. You will be able to: • explain what a precipitation reaction is • write net ionic equations for precipitation reactions

  6. Prepare for the Lab • Work in pairs. • Precipitate: A solid produced in a chemical reaction between two solutions.

  7. Discussion Notes • CaCl2(aq) + Na2C2O4(aq)  2NaCl(aq) + CaC2O4(s) • The mixing of two ionic solutions sometimes results in the formation of a solid precipitate. • Precipitation is not limited to solids. • The degree to which a compound dissolves in water is called its solubility.

  8. Discussion Notes (cont.) • Solubility varies from compound to compound. Solubility Trends

  9. Discussion Notes (cont.) • There are positive and negative aspects to the solubility of toxic substances. • Once a substance is absorbed, it may be difficult for the body to get rid of it through its natural filtration systems, the kidneys and the liver.

  10. Wrap Up • Which substances precipitate from aqueous solutions? • Precipitation depends on solubility; compounds that are not very soluble tend to form precipitates. • Mixing two aqueous salt solutions often results in the formation of a precipitate. • Soluble substances can interact with the human body in either positive or negative ways.

  11. Check-In • A solution of K2SO4 is mixed with a solution of Pb(NO3)2, and a precipitate forms. • Write the chemical equation for this reaction. • What is the precipitate that forms? How do you know?

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