Responsible mining

1. Responsible mining What can we do for you ? V2.02

2. Responsible mining • Note on beforehand • In this presentation we will concentrate on local issues regarding social and environmental impact of the mining activity only • Impact of mining on central state economy is kept out of this presentation as it can only be calculated when all information on costs and benefits is obtained

3. What is the Eijkelkamp Earth Sampling Group Who are we ? Why can we offer better value ?

4. Responsible mining • Eijkelkamp Earth Sampling Group (EESG) groups six companies: • Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment • SonicSampDrill • ToolTech • GlobalSonicSampling • Eijkelkamp Training and Consultancy • GeoXplore

5. Responsible mining • Our organisation

6. Responsible mining • Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment produces soil research equipment already for more than 60 years • Specialties: • Hand drilling equipment • Geotechnical measurement equipment • Soil and groundwater sampling equipment • Ground and surface water hydrology measurement equipment • Soil laboratory analysis equipment • 100 employees, ISO9001 certified • 60 distributors worldwide

7. Responsible mining • SonicSampDrill produces advanced Sonic drill rigs that guarantee the highest imaginable quality of long cores in soft sediment as well as rock • Specialities: • Small, medium and large sonic vibration rigs • Soil and rock core samplers like AquaLock, CoreBarrel and DualWall samplers • Tooling and consumables for seismic exploring • Consumables for monitoring and water wells • 30 employees, 10 distributors

8. Responsible mining • GlobalSonicSampling has the experience to use Sonic drill rigs and samplers in the most remote locations in the tropics as well as in arctic regions.

9. Responsible mining • ToolTech is the steel and plastic milling and lathing factory which produces highly accurate milled parts for Eijkelkamp and SonicSampDrill • GeoXplore is our company that produces software for data processing in relation to GIS

10. Responsible mining • Eijkelkamp Training and Consultancy trains people world wide in the use of all this equipment

11. Responsible mining • As developers and producers of all this equipment we know better: • How to use it. • When to use it • Where to use it • How to maintain it • How to ship it • How to interpret the data

12. Our Partners

13. Responsible mining We work with experienced partners. • Together with them we can: • Combine practical and scientific research • Focus on sustainable use of living environment regarding: • Flora and fauna; • Soil and water; • Geo-information and remote sensing; • Landscape and spatial planning; • Man and society; • Ecosystem services. • High level organizations: E.g. Alterra is affiliated with Wageningen University

14. Responsible mining • Our partners can: • Collect baseline data • Facilitate stakeholder meetings • Develope, execute and update a monitoring plan • Develop a redesign plan • Assure linkage between various project phases!

15. Responsible mining • With our partners we can collect baseline data to: • Know the economic value of the current ecosystem • Know the impact of mining on current livelihood of stakeholders • Know the impact of mining on environmental issues • Know the minimal standards for redesign • Develop storage/use plan for fertile soils • Therefore it is for instance necessary to: • Quantify the current ecosystem • Determine current top soil quality

16. Responsible mining What more? • Organise meetings/discussions with local people, local and central government and mining company • Develop communication plan • Co-design of sustainability targets • Identify redesign requirements/opportunities Why? • Gain support and avoid conflicts • Reach mutual agreement on planning

17. Responsible mining Establish a monitoring plan • How? • Based on sustainability targets identified by stakeholders • Based on base-line data • What? • Develop, facilitate execution and update monitoring plan • Integrated analysis of monitored data • Reporting and prospects on future impacts of mining and targets • Why? • Assure that sustainability targets are reached • Early warning in case of problems

18. Responsible mining With our partners we can develop a redesign plan • This plan is established as from the start of the mining project • Based on baseline data and monitoring output • Established in full cooperation with stakeholders • Such a plan will increase commitment and avoid conflicts • What does it involve? • Technical feasible, social acceptable and economic viable plan • Insight in costs of redesign when mining activities come to an end

19. Responsible mining • It is not us who determine what must be done regarding research but you ! • Local people • Local and central government • Prospection and mining company • Very important weighing factors: • Is area populated or not • Existing economic value of area • Alternative future value (tourism, irrigation) • Type / impact of mining • Economic factors

20. The impact of mining

21. Responsible mining • The impact of development of mining area is very large • Negative social impact • Positive social impact • Environmental quality • In other words: Mining Area Rehabilitation and Environmental Control (MAREC)

22. Negative social impact issues

23. Responsible mining • Impact of development of mining area • Possible negative social impact • Loss of habitat for mankind, animal and plant may cause conflicts with locals and protectionists • Loss of face for government officials if conflicts occur • Loss of hunting grounds and agricultural / forestry production facilities (economical / conflicts) • Loss of social equilibrium due to influx of new inhabitants (miners) • Loss of (potential) touristic values

24. Positive social impact issues

25. Responsible mining • Impact of development of mining area • Possible positive social impact • Opportunity to (re)develop communities • More budget to build safe water supply, electric power, schools, health clinic, communal buildings • Improved logistics are profitable for villagers too • Road, air field, safe water, electricity, telephone, television, bus

26. Responsible mining • Impact of development of mining area • Increased income due to jobs and improved logistics to develop agriculture, forestry, trade, small industry

27. Environmental impact Mining Area Rehabilitation and Environmental Control (MAREC)

28. Responsible mining • Environmental impact (overview) • Landscape • Groundwater • Surface water • Erosion (sediment transport) • Air quality and noise • Plant and animal life • Tourism

29. Responsible mining • Landscape • Destruction of landscape • open pit mining, • waste piles and piles of tailings • loss of (potential) touristic quality, • creation of artificial lakes (insect growth; unnatural geomorphology) • Loss of habitat for mankind, animal and plant

30. Responsible mining • Groundwater, surface water • Potentially strong effects on groundwater levels in wide region (effects on agronomy, nature, wildlife, forest fires) • Leaching of chemicals from tailings and removed overburden layers into groundwater, surface run-off water and surface water • Leaching of production chemicals (like mercury) into ground- and surface water

31. Responsible mining • Groundwater, surface water • Change in river water quality and quantity • Due to erosion (deforestation; digging; increased run-off) • Pollution from habitants (miners) • Often need for local waste water treatment plant • Erosion shortens life time of dam reservoirs • May destroy fishing grounds

32. Responsible mining • Air quality and noise • Dust spreading (digging activities) • Toxic smoke from primitive mercury-gold extraction • Smoke (fires-deforestation) • Fine dust (engines; explosions) • Noise (engines, explosives)

33. Responsible mining • Tourism, plant and animal life • Devastated landscape will not attract tourists • Air-strip, roads, accommodation (hotels), electricity, safe water, health clinic and telecommunication may attract tourists if remaining landscape and people are profitable for tourists • Camouflaging mining will help the parallel development of tourism

34. Research and planning

35. Responsible mining • This impact and these opportunities must be studied and quantified on beforehand. • Important parties: • Local people • Local and central government • Mining company • Company that organizes the studies • Results of study (plan) should be put on paper and agreed on between all parties

36. What can we do for you?

37. Responsible mining • Soil sampling and profile descriptions • In cooperation with prospection company: • Soil profiling and sampling to depths of 100 meter with Sonic drill rigs and advanced core sampling equipment • To determine thickness and properties of overburden layer • To determine thickness and concentrations of layer to be mined

38. Responsible mining • Soil sampling and profile descriptions • To determine top soil quality on existing and new agro-forestry fields for inhabitants that should be moved • fertility, preparation costs, need yes or no to move or store top soil separately • Determine sub-soil quality on existing and new agro-forestry fields for inhabitants that should be moved • Drainage properties

39. Responsible mining • Some more examples

40. Responsible mining • Soil sampling and profile descriptions • To monitor environmental quality of soil in the mining area itself prior to, during and after the mining activities

41. Responsible mining • Geotechnical soil sampling and bearing capacity determinations of soil and subsoil for road and housing construction

42. Responsible mining • Installation of dewatering wells • Installation of water production wells

43. Responsible mining • Research activities on water levels and water quality • Installation of groundwater monitoring wells • Sampling of groundwater from monitoring wells on water quality

44. Responsible mining • Research activities on water levels and water quality • Installation and exploitation of groundwater level monitoring equipment (effects on water level in region by digging and dewatering)

45. Responsible mining • Research activities on water levels and water quality • Installation and exploitation of surface water level and quality monitoring equipment • Data-presentation of the obtained measuring results

46. Responsible mining • Collection of meteorological data

47. Responsible mining • Sediment transport determinations prior and during exploitation • to determine dam-reservoir lifetime • downstream fishing and hygiene problems

48. Responsible mining • Automatic waste water sampling and analysis to monitor prevention measures • Surface water quantity measurements • Hydrocarbon pollution around petrol stations for large rolling equipment

49. Responsible mining • Various • Determination of load bearing properties on working sites to prevent tipping over of cranes and other expensive rolling equipment

50. Responsible mining • Various • Remediation research and contracting in case of pollution