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Memory

Memory. Explicit Intentional recollection Conscious effort Hippocampus involved Ex: remembering vocabulary for a psych quiz . Implicit Remembering things you didn’t intend to store Unconscious processes involved Unaffected by amnesia, age, or drugs Cerebellum involved

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Memory

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  1. Memory

  2. Explicit Intentional recollection Conscious effort Hippocampus involved Ex: remembering vocabulary for a psych quiz Implicit Remembering things you didn’t intend to store Unconscious processes involved Unaffected by amnesia, age, or drugs Cerebellum involved Ex: What did you have for dinner last night? Ex: Motor skills Memory Systems

  3. Declarative (Endel Tulving)- factual information handled by hippocampus & areas of the cortex Episodic- personal facts and experiences Like an autobiography Maybe unique to humans Ex: first day of school Semantic- general, factual knowledge Ex: knowing the state capitals Like an encyclopedia NonDeclarative/Pro-cedural- actions and skills (muscle memory) Little conscious awareness Ex: riding a bike Performance decreases if you think too much Doesn’t decline much Cerebellum and amygdala Memory Systems

  4. 3 Key Processes of Memory Encoding Storage Retrieval Encoding- forming a memory code Storage- maintaining encoded information over time Retrieval- recovering information from memory stores

  5. Encoding • Experiment Time! • Levels of Processing • Structural • Phonemic • Semantic (deepest level) • Encoding Techniques • Elaboration • Visual Imagery • Dual Coding Theory- memory is enhanced by forming semantic and visual codes

  6. Storage • Information Processing Theory- incoming information passes through 2 temporary areas of storage (sensory & short-term) and then is transferred to long-term storage Sensory Short Term Long Term (working)

  7. Sensory Memory • Allows sensation to linger for a brief moment after stimulus is presented • Less than a second • Ex: afterimage • Experiment with Trigrams!

  8. Practice Round AGB TJK WLP

  9. MIDDLE TJK

  10. Round 1 MKL WDC BGT

  11. BOTTOM BGT

  12. Round 2 ZXA QKI NHY

  13. TOP ZXA

  14. Round 3 XCV BHY OTR

  15. TOP XCV

  16. Round 4 DWS VFT GXC

  17. BOTTOM GXC

  18. Round 5 FVG HYU AVH

  19. MIDDLE HYU

  20. Round 6 KRG XDT WLP

  21. BOTTOM WLP

  22. Short-term memory (STM) • Limited capacity (7-9 items) • Limited duration (up to 20 sec.) • Rehearsal causes STM to last longer • Interference • EXPERIMENT! • Chunking • EXPERIMENT! • Serial-Position Effect (primacy/recency)

  23. Long-Term Memory (LTM) • Unlimited capacity over long periods of time • Flashbulb Memories- vivid & detailed recollections of momentous events in our life • Schema (prototype)- mental categories about a particular object based on a particular experience • Stored info is often organized around schemas • Semantic Network- related concepts are joined closer together

  24. Semantic Network

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