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Overview on CDM

Overview on CDM. By Ann Gordon Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment 14 th July 2011. Overview on CDM. Contents United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC Annex I targets The Kyoto Mechanisms.

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Overview on CDM

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  1. Overview on CDM By Ann Gordon Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment 14th July 2011

  2. Overview on CDM Contents • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change • Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC • Annex I targets • The Kyoto Mechanisms

  3. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) • Ultimate Objective: “stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system…within a timeframe sufficient to allow eco-systems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.”

  4. UNFCCC- Developed Countries • Commitment - To return individually or jointly to their 1990 levels of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by 2000 • However, their emissions continue to rise

  5. UNFCCC • Belize signed in 1992 • Belize ratified in 1994 • Convention came into force on 21 March 1994 • At COP 1 (1995) the Ad hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate (AWG-BM) was established to draft an agreement to strengthen developed country commitments • 8 negotiating sessions culminating in the Kyoto Protocol at COP 3 in 1997

  6. Kyoto Protocol • Parties included in Annex I (developed countries) shall reduce their overall emissions of GHGs by at least 5% below their 1990 levels in the 2008-2012 commitment period • Came into effect on 16 February 2005 when 50 Parties representing 55% of global GHG emissions ratified • US withdrew

  7. Greenhouse Gases (GHG) • Carbon dioxide (CO2) • Methane (CH4) • Nitrous oxide (N2O) • Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) • Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) • Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)

  8. Sectors/Source Categories • Energy • Forestry • Industrial Processes • Agriculture • Waste • Solvent and other product use

  9. Quantified Emission Targets

  10. How Annex I countries meet Kyoto commitment • The Kyoto Protocol is the first concrete steps to curb GHG emissions Targeted GHG Reductions Domestic Actions Annex I countries

  11. How Annex I countries meet Kyoto commitment • The Kyoto Protocol is the first concrete steps to curb GHG emissions Targeted GHG Reductions Domestic Actions Flexible Kyoto Mechanisms Annex I countries

  12. KYOTO MECHANISMS JI CDM ET ERUs CERs AAUs Article 6: Joint Implementation Article 12: Clean Development Mechanism Article 17: Emission Trading Partnership: Annex I + Annex I Partnership: Annex I + non-Annex I Partnership: Annex I + Annex I

  13. Clean Development Mechanism Industrialized Countries Annex I Countries Financial Investments Non-Annex I Countries Developing countries

  14. Clean Development Mechanism Industrialized Countries Annex I Countries Financial Investments Technology Transfer Non-Annex I Countries Developing countries

  15. What makes projects eligible for CDM • Baseline • What would happen in the absence of the Project GHG Emissions Baseline Emission Without CDM CERs Emission Reduction Project Emission With CDM Year

  16. What makes projects eligible for CDM Revenues from CERs CERs = Emission Reduction = Baseline Emission – Project Emission-Leakage • Baseline • What would happen in the absence of the Project GHG Emissions Baseline Emission Without CDM CERs Emission Reduction Project Emission With CDM Year

  17. International Structure for CDM • The CDM is supervised by the Executive Board • The Executive Board is composed of 10 members , including one from each of the 5 official UN regions, one from the SIDS, and 2 each from AI and NAI • The EB accredits operational entities • The EB maintains a CDM registry -issue new CERs -manage an account for CERs levied adaptation and administrative expenses -maintain a CER account for each NAI hosting a CDM project

  18. Thank you for your attention!!

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