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Introduction to HVAC Controls

Introduction to HVAC Controls. Presented by: Diwanshu Shekhar 01/17/2012. Agenda. Introduction HVAC and HVAC Controls Robotics and HVAC Controls Types of HVAC Controls Fundamentals Working Principle HVAC System Overview Common Types VAV System Controls Q and A Session.

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Introduction to HVAC Controls

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  1. Introduction to HVAC Controls Presented by: Diwanshu Shekhar 01/17/2012

  2. Agenda Introduction HVAC and HVAC Controls Robotics and HVAC Controls Types of HVAC Controls Fundamentals Working Principle HVAC System Overview Common Types VAV System Controls Q and A Session Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  3. Abbreviations HVAC = Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning VAV = Variable Air Volume SP = Set-point CFM = Cubic Feet per Minute Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  4. HVAC Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  5. HVAC Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  6. HVAC Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  7. HVAC Controls Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  8. HVAC Controls Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  9. Robotics and HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Robotics

  10. Robotics and HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Robotics HVAC

  11. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  12. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  13. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Compares the sensed temp with the user-defined desired value

  14. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Compares the sensed temp with the user-defined desired value

  15. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Compares the sensed temp with the user-defined desired value Actuator

  16. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Compares the sensed temp with the user-defined desired value Actuator Controlled Variable

  17. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Compares the sensed temp with the user-defined desired value Actuator Controlled Variable

  18. Elementary HVAC Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Set-point Compares the sensed temp with the user-defined desired value Actuator Controlled Variable

  19. Types Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session • Proportional (P) • Proportional Integral (PI) • Proportional Integral Derivative (PID)

  20. Types - Proportional Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Modulating Controlled Variable O = A + K . e Controller Output Difference between SP and Controlled Variable Proportional gain constant Constant equal to the value of controller output w/ no error

  21. Types – Proportional Integral Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Modulating and Reset – less drift each cycle Controlled Variable Integral gain constant O = A + K . E + Ki . Int (edt) Controller Output Difference between SP and Controlled Variable Proportional gain constant Constant equal to the value of controller output w/ no error

  22. Types – Proportional Integral Derivative Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Modulating ,Reset and Rate – less drift each cycle and faster response to get to set-point Controlled Variable Integral gain constant O = A + K . E + Ki . Int (edt) + Kd de/dt Derivative gain constant Controller Output Difference between SP and Controlled Variable Proportional gain constant Constant equal to the value of controller output w/ no error

  23. HVAC System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session

  24. HVAC System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Air-Side System Water-Side System

  25. HVAC System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Air-Side System Water-Side System Cold Water System Hot Water System

  26. Types of HVAC System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session • Constant Volume System • Supply air to the living space at a constant rate, but vary temperature (air-side system) • Supply water to the coil at a constant rate, but vary the temperature (water-side system) • Variable Volume System - • Supply air to the living space at a variable rate, but a constant temperature (air-side system) • Supply water to the coil at a variable rate, but a constant temperature (water-side system)

  27. Variable Air Volume System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Outdoor Air Control System Supply Air Temperature Control System Air Volume Control System

  28. Variable Air Volume System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Outdoor Air Control System Supply Air Temperature Control System Air Volume Control System Terminal Box

  29. VAV – Outdoor Air Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Outdoor Air Volume Flow Rate CO2 level in living space

  30. VAV – Outdoor Air Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Outdoor Air Volume Flow Rate CO2 level in living space

  31. VAV – Outdoor Air Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Outdoor Air Volume Flow Rate CO2 level in living space

  32. VAV – Supply Air Temperature Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Maximum capacity of chilled water flow rate Chilled Water Flow Rate Supply Air Temperature

  33. VAV – Supply Air Temperature Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Supply Air Temperature Set-point Maximum capacity of chilled water flow rate Chilled Water Flow Rate Supply Air Temperature

  34. VAV – Air Volume Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Zone Supply Air Flow Zone Air Temperature

  35. VAV – Air Volume Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Zone Supply Air Flow Minimum zone supply air flow rate Zone Air Temperature

  36. VAV – Air Volume Control System Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Zone Supply Air Flow Minimum zone supply air flow rate Zone Air Temperature Thermostat Set-point

  37. Q & A Introduction Types of HVAC Controls HVAC System VAV System Q and A Session Contact: Diwanshu Shekhar National Renewable Energy Laboratory diwanshu.shekhar@nrel.gov ---------------------------- Additional Resources: www.ashrae.org www.uccsuiouee.org www.newbuildings.org Control Systems for Heating, Ventilation Air-Conditioning, ISBN 978-0-387-30521-9

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