Landscape Architecture (EAPS4303) Lecturer 6 Landscape Design Principles:

1. University of Palestine Faculty of Applied Engineering & Urban Planning Dept. of Architecture, Interior Design & Planning Landscape Architecture (EAPS4303) Lecturer 6 Landscape Design Principles: Attributes, Balance, Connection, Interest, Flow & Mass Planting Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

2. Design Principles • Objectives of the Lecturer: 1. Become familiar with the attributes of form, color, and texture and its use 2. Understand approaches to balance in the landscape 3. Establish connection or unity in the design 4. know various means of creating visual interest 5. create a sense of flow or transition in the landscape 6. Understand the application of mass planting Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

3. Why Design Principles • Concept plan deals with creating a useful or functional component of the landscape design • Design principles focus on aesthetic or visual appeal aspects • Plus creating a sense of unity & order in the design concept • The goal should be to create a landscape that appears as ‘big picture’ where every component of the landscape belongs to the overall design.. Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

4. Design Attributes1.Form • Form: is the outline of an object or plant, or the total mass of plants when grouped together. • Form is manipulated when shrubs are tightly sheared having geometric forms (formal gardens) Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

5. Design Attributes A • Category of Form ranging from upright, columnar to broad and spreading • A: loud form demands attention & can be disruptive • B: vine growing up a white wall creating an interesting pattern of form • C: Weeping form creating the effect of water fall into a dry creek • D: The planting beds creates a curving form of turf on the ground plane. B C D Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

6. Design Attributes • Shearing form into a specific shape of spirals or animals change a plant form vanishing its natural one. • Be aware of natural plant forms, so as not to have too much variety in the design. • The technique of pruning plants to grow flat against a wall or fence is called Espalier Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

7. Design Attributes2. Color • Warm colors (red, orange & yellow) creates excitement while cool colors (blue, green & purple) have a calming effect. • Introduced by Foliage (undergrowth plants), fruit & flower • Foliage (commonly green): displays light green, silver green, blue green & dark green creating visual interest & contrast • Other Foliage of shades (red, purple & Yellow) and the burgundy Japanese Maple develop a nice change among green foliage Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

8. Design Attributes2. Color • Variegation is the mottling or striping of Foliage offering a unique display and can be used to allow for accent points among green Foliage. • Fall color brilliant display of fall color like the red of these Firepower Nandina • Flowers very common means of introducing color into the landscape (like roses, camellias & azaleas) Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008

9. Design Attributes2. Color • Length of bloom aware of how long a plant will bloom all season or perennials that bloom from a short week to several weeks • Sequence spring flowering summer flowering Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf, 26.10.2008