Stereotype Formation, Prejudice & Discrimination

1. Stereotype Formation, Prejudice & Discrimination List 1-5 in your notebook write down 5 physical and cultural, and geographic descriptions of Native Americans

2. What are some physical descriptions that you wrote to describe what native Americans look like? What are some cultural descriptions to describe how Native Americans live/behave? Where do Native Americans live? Now, more importantly, why do you believe all of the Things you do regarding Native Americans? Where do These preconceptions (whether stereotype or not) come from?

3. Hollywood depictions of Native Americans - all played by white and/or Hispanic actors

4. "Ugh!"In the Injun book it say When the first brave married squaw, he gave out with a big ugh, when he saw his Mother-in-Law, what made the red man red? What made the red man red?Let's go back a million years, to the very first Injun prince, he kissed a maid and start to blush, and we've all been blushin' since, you've got it from the headman, the real true story of the red man no matter what's been written or said, now you know why the red man's red! - Peter Pan, 1953

5. To use a more relevant example…answer a seemingly simple question - who is an Arab?

6. How would you define a ‘stereotype? Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group What stereotypes did you identify in Chapelle’s piece? “Why terrorists don’t take black hostages”

7. Stereotypes Discussion: What are some stereotypes (good or bad, true or false) of: Black people? White people? Asian people? Hispanic people? Muslims and/or Arabs Review of your project….

8. Dr. Kenneth Clarke What was the now famous ‘doll study’? Based on the results of this study, what conclusions can you draw about where stereotypical thinking originates?

9. Anderson Cooper Doll Study Revisited (2010) http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2010/05/17/ac360-series-doll-study-research/

10. How do you imagine adolescents of different races interpreted these images?

12. “We’re a Culture - Not a Costume”

14. September 2011: Students at Hautes Etudes Commerciales, a Montreal business school, were filmed wearing black makeup [and] chant[ing] with mock Jamaican accents about smoking marijuana as part of a skit. A student explained that it was part of a skit in honor of Jamacian Olympian Usain Bolt.  A spokesperson for the school explained that Francophone Canadians were unaware of the racial history behind blackface.

15. October 2012: The photograph below depicts the members of the Chi Omega sorority at Penn State.  It was taken during a Mexican fiesta-themed party around Halloween. The signs read: “Will mow lawn for weed & beer and “I don’t cut grass I smoke it.” http://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2013/05/11/individual-racism-alive-and-well/

16. In 1906, the amateur anthropologist Madison Grant, who was the head of the New York Zoological Society, put a Congolese pygmy Ota Benga, on display at the Bronx Zoo in New York City. The display was in the primate exhibit, and Ota was often made to carry around chimpanzees and other apes. Eugenicist and zoo director William Hornaday labeled Ota, “The Missing Link.” The public flocked to see the display. http://politicalblindspot.com/through-the-1950s-africans-and-native-americans-were-kept-in-zoos-as-exhibits/

17. A campaign addressing African-American stereotypes shown in the media, primarily television and music. Two posters were developed: one for young males and one for young females. Each poster displays common stereotypes associated with gender and how it's affecting the youth.

18. "The portrayal of young black women and men in the media set the standard for how many Americans associate behavior with race. There are very few images of black women and men in the media that aren’t hypersexual, vulgar & violent.” Tests show most Americans learn more about race from television instead of personal interaction.

19. Minority: a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their lives than the members of a dominant majority - have 5 basic characteristics Experience unequal treatment Share physical or cultural characteristics Membership not voluntary How would you define a sociological ‘minority’ Strong in-group sense Tend to intermarry

20. Prejudice A negative attitude toward an entire category of people Racism A form of prejudice that focuses on the perceived superiority of once race over others The denial of opportunities and equal Rights to individual or groups due to prejudice Discrimination

21. Prejudice in the workplace…. What are some examples of questions that you cannot be asked at a job interview? Why do you think these questions are illegal?

22. Segregation, Self-Segregation What is segregation? What is the history of racial segregation in the U.S. (officially and unofficially) - include residential, job, and

23. So, how do ethnic neighborhoods and enclaves form? Think of Long Island…

24. Newsday: May 25th, 2009 A recent report had unwelcome news for the Sewanhaka Central High School District: Among suburban school districts nationwide with the "highest black segregation," it ranked ninth. The ranking is largely based on the disproportionately African-American enrollment at the district's Elmont Memorial High School - 77 percent. But Sewanhaka officials say the report's broader implication...

25. According to the most recent census data (2010), analyzed at the University of Michigan, New York ranked 2nd in the most racially segregated states

26. Residential segregation Racialized divisions of labor Racial categories defined by governments Racial/Ethnic Categories are typically imposed on people in 3 distinct ways:

27. Sociologist and U.S. History Professor James Loewen (“Lies My Teacher Told Me”) identified thousands of “Sundown Towns” in the Untied States during the research for his book of the same name. Several were here on Long Island!

28. In 1976, 1992, and again in 2004, Farley and colleagues conducted studies in metro Detroit to try to identify the causes of the persistently high levels of segregation in that area. Using a variety of survey approaches, the researchers tried to determine whether white residents felt comfortable with blacks living on their block, and whether they would remain if blacks moved onto their block.

29. Privileges of the Dominant: White Privilege (Ferber & Kimmel, 2008): refers to the rights or immunities granted to people as a particular benefit or favor simply because they are white. What advantages does the dominant culture (in the U.S., demographically, this is White people) have in society? Feminist scholar Peggy McIntosh (1988) became interested in this concept after noticing that most men would not acknowledge a privilege for being male!

30. “Would A Roshanda By Any Other Name Smell As Sweet?” As we watch this clip from “Freakonomics”, notice what the conclusions of Dr. Fryer’s study on the economic impact of discrimination, based on names, were.

31. Institutional Discrimination Refers to the denial of opportunities and equal rights that Result from the normal operations of society… The Commission on Civil Rights (1981) has identified several forms of institutional discrimination… • Rules requiring only English spoken at a place of work, even when it is not a business necessity to restrict other languages • Preference in admission to law and medical schools of the children of privileged alumni • Restrictive employment-leave policies for women

32. Sociological Perspectives on Race/Ethnicity: Functionalist Perspective: -Discrimination serves purpose for those who practice it - Manning Nash identified 3 ways: Maintain justification for unequal society Discourage minority from questioning its status 3. Myths suggest any societal change is bad for minorities

33. Labeling Perspective: Racial profiling is any arbitrary action initiated by an authority based on race, ethnicity, or national origin

34. The Contact Hypothesis: States that in cooperative circumstance, interracial contact between people of equal status will cause them to become less prejudiced and to abandon old stereotypes

35. Case Study Documentary: Little Rock 50 Years Later (HBO)