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Ursula Hammes, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas

Gas Reservoir Compartmentalization in Lowstand Prograding-Wedge Deltaic Systems: Oligocene Frio Formation, South Texas. Ursula Hammes, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas. Contributors and Sponsors. Frank Brown (sequence stratigraphy)

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Ursula Hammes, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas

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  1. Gas Reservoir Compartmentalization in Lowstand Prograding-Wedge Deltaic Systems: Oligocene Frio Formation, South Texas Ursula Hammes, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas

  2. Contributors and Sponsors • Frank Brown (sequence stratigraphy) • Bob Loucks (sequence stratigraphy) • Ramón Treviño (geology) • Patricia Montoya (geophysics) • Randy Remington (geophysics) • STARR Project • Western Geco (seismic) • IBC Petroleum • Railroad Commission (logs, production data)

  3. OUTLINE • Develop exploration model for Oligocene Frio deltaic lowstand sands. • Assess exploration potential of growth- faulted basins. • Establish structural and stratigraphic architecture. • Define reservoir compartmentalization.

  4. DATA • 3-D seismic data set. • Well logs. • Production and engineering analyses.

  5. Regional Overview

  6. Frio Formation Schematic NW-SE Cross Section Modified from Bebout and Loucks (1981) Frio Formation (Oligocene): Prograding wedge deltaic sediments and slope and basin-floor fans

  7. Study Area

  8. Study Area and Regional Tectonics Study Area

  9. Exploration in Growth-faulted Subbasins

  10. Growth-faulted subbasins in Corpus Christi area

  11. Idealized Cross Section NW SE

  12. Strike Line ms twt 0 SW NE 500 1000 1500 2000 Prograding wedge Slope Fan Complex 2500 3000

  13. Anatomy of a growth-faulted subbasin 3rd-order sequence composed of three mini-basins set up by growth faults New 3rd-order sequence Mobile shale Mobile shale Mobile shale

  14. Red Fish Bay Fault Map Seismic survey outline • Major growth faults (blue, green) • Antithetic and synthetic crestal • faults (yellow) • Orthogonal fault (red) N

  15. Strike Line ms twt 0 SW NE 500 1000 1500 2000 Prograding wedge Slope Fan Complex 2500 3000

  16. 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 5 0 0 5 0 0 Crestal Faults 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 5 0 0 5 0 0 2 2 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dip Line

  17. Prograding Wedge Exploration

  18. Top Prograding Wedge Structure Map

  19. Isopach map of Frio Formation showing inferred sediment input (red arrows) and depocenters (blue contour fill) along growth faults (yellow)

  20. AOI Section of Red Fish Bay S5-Benchmark Charts

  21. Cross Section – Dip Line

  22. Cross Section - Strike Line

  23. Reservoir Engineering and Production Analysis • Production history and characteristics • Reserve calculations • Reservoir compartmentalization • Volumetrics estimation • Reservoir pressure performance

  24. Initial Bottom-hole Pressure

  25. Hydrocarbon Phases by Region North Area South Area

  26. Reservoir Drive Mechanism Well X – top sand

  27. Reservoir Compartmentalization

  28. Reservoir Compartmentalization Indicators After Jenkin (1997)

  29. Red Fish Bay Compartments

  30. Reservoir Compartments North Area South Area

  31. Production and Pressure History

  32. Log and systems tracts characteristics Trapstyles Production Analysis

  33. CONCLUSIONS • Compartmentalization of Frio reservoirs is due to interplay of sediments and tectonics. • Compartments are related to different sandstone bodies deposited at different times and to a common sandstone body that has several pressure compartments defined by fault segregation. • Sequence stratigraphic correlation established framework for distribution of sand compartments. • Best reservoirs occurred in late lowstand to transgressive deposits. • Fault mapping from 3-D seismic provided crucial evidence to define compartments.

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