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2S ARCHITECTURAL GLASS SEMINAR

2S ARCHITECTURAL GLASS SEMINAR. Balancing Window Heat Gains against Daylighting in Tropical Climates 29 th October 200 Renaissance Hotel Kuala Lumpur. Ar Chan Seong Aun M Arch (Distinction), B Arch (Hons), B Bdg Sc (VUW, NZ), APAM, AIPDM, TAM. CONTENT. GREEN BUILDING INDEX

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2S ARCHITECTURAL GLASS SEMINAR

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  1. 2S ARCHITECTURAL GLASS SEMINAR Balancing Window Heat Gains against Daylighting in Tropical Climates 29th October 200 Renaissance Hotel Kuala Lumpur Ar Chan Seong Aun M Arch (Distinction), B Arch (Hons), B Bdg Sc (VUW, NZ), APAM, AIPDM, TAM

  2. CONTENT GREEN BUILDING INDEX ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE DAYLIGHTING ESSENTIALS HEAT GAINS THROUGH WINDOWS OPTIMIZING THE BUILDING ENVELOPE

  3. 1 GREEN BUILDING INDEX

  4. What are the LOCAL issues for Malaysia? HYPER URBANIZATION - Urban Population expected to grow by between 40% to 50% by 2030 from 70% to 80% of Total Population. The way we plan our Cities will be a Key component of a sustainable future Malaysia will become a Net Importer of Energy by 2015.How we design our buildings will reflect how much energy they require to run. Malaysia has the HIGHEST per capita Energy Consumption among ASEAN countries No control over import of energy inefficient equipment as there are no proper standards – WTO requirement

  5. What are the major issues?

  6. What are the major issues? Malaysia as Net Energy Importer SOURCE : PTM

  7. Why Have GREEN or SUSTAINABLE Buildings? Save energy and resources, recycle materials and minimise the emission of toxic substances throughout its life cycle, Harmonise with the local climate, traditions, culture and the surrounding environment, and Able to sustain and improve the quality of human life whilst maintaining the capacity of the ecosystem at local and global levels

  8. Why Have GREEN BUILDING INDEX? Allows for easy public evaluation of what are REAL green buildings, Serves as key design principles for Architects and Engineers to design green buildings, and Performance parameters are set for better TOTAL BUILDING PERFORMANCE

  9. BUDGET 2010 : GREEN BUILDING INCENTIVES On Promoting Construction of Green Buildings To expand the use of green technology, the Government launched the Green Building Index (GBI) on 21 May 2009. GBI is a green rating index on environmentally friendly buildings. Green buildings save utility costs and preserve the quality of the environment. To promote green technology, the Government proposes that: First: Building owners obtaining GBI Certificates from 24 October 2009 until 31 December 2014 be given income tax exemption equivalent to the additional capital expenditure in obtaining such Certificates; and Second: Buyers purchasing buildings with GBI Certificates from developers be given stamp duty exemption on instruments of transfer of ownership. The exemption amount is equivalent to the additional cost incurred in obtaining the GBI Certificates. This exemption is given to buyers who execute sales and purchase agreements from 24 October 2009 until 31 December 2014.

  10. 2 ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE

  11. How Energy Efficient are Malaysian Buildings? 100% 80% BEI ofoffice buildings in Malaysia Source: PTM 60% Cumulative percentile 40% 20% 0% 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Building Energy Index (kWh/m2 year)

  12. Normal buildings(Kuala Lumpur) Malaysian Office Buildings Energy Indexes LEO building(Putrajaya) 300 Solar energy Electricity consumption 250 200 150 Electricity consumption kWh/m²/year 100 50 ZEO building(Bangi) 0 -50 -100 Normal LEO ZEO buildings Building Building 0-energy(Zero Energy Office)

  13. Where is the most Energy Used?

  14. Green Building Index (Non-Residential)

  15. MS1525 the Cornerstone of Malaysian Energy Efficiency MS 1525:2007 All buildings exceeding 4,000 m2 of air conditioned space shall be provided with an EMS system and OTTV shall not exceed 50 W/m2 RTTV shall not exceed 25 W/m2

  16. Optimizing Window functions HEAT GAIN vs DAYLIGHT VIEW vs PRIVACY FRESH AIR vs HUMIDITY

  17. Temperature and Humidity ( Subang Weather Data) Why do we need to air condition our Offices? Relative Humidity 80% The Comfort Zone

  18. 3 DAYLIGHTING ESSENTIALS

  19. AFTER AIR CONDITIONING LIGHTING ENERGY CONSUMPTIONB IS THE NEXT MOST IMPORTANT FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

  20. WINDOWS & DAYLIGHTING IN BUILDINGS Daylight in Building offset electrical lighting load Electrical lights produces more heat than Diffused Daylight Zone electrical lighting system correctly

  21. DAYLIGHTING ESSENTIALS • Bring the light in high, above the view plane • Diffuse sunlight inside the space. Don’t allow beam sunlight to strike work surfaces. • Use only north and south vertical windows • Choose the glazing carefully.

  22. Continuous strip of narrow windows up high A few view windows. These have a low visible transmittance (0.2 – 0.3), to balance the luminance of the walls with the luminance of the outdoor view. Every work place in the building should have a visual connection to the outside Eggshell white color in the upper part of the room to bounce the light across the room Mid-to-light colors in the lower part of the room

  23. Effect of Window design on daylight distribution Max daylight penetration = 2.5xWindow Height

  24. PSALI Permanent Supp Artificial Lighting

  25. PSALI

  26. 4 HEAT GAIN THROUGH WINDOWS

  27. MS1525 key ref documentSECTION 5 : BUILDING ENVELOPE

  28. TYPICAL BUILDING ENVELOPE HEAT GAINS OTTV = 15a(1-WWR)Uw + 6(WWR)Uf + 194xCFxWWRxSC Heat Conduction through Walls Heat Conduction through Windows Solar Heat Gain through Windows 5% to 10% 10% to 20% 75% to 85% OTTV < 50 W/m2

  29. Let the MAXIMUM DAYLIGHT in Block out the SOLAR HEAT GAIN by maximizing the SHADING COEFFICIENT

  30. WINDOW EXTERNAL SHADING

  31. WINDOW SHADING External Shading Devices are more effective than Internal Blinds. Only need to block out Direct Sunlight.

  32. HORIZONTAL LOUVERS FOR N-S FACING WINDOWS VERTICAL LOUVERS FOR E-W FACING WINDOWS

  33. HORIZONTAL LOUVERS FOR N-S FACING WINDOWS VERTICAL LOUVERS FOR E-W FACING WINDOWS

  34. IMPROVING THE SHADING COFFECIENT OF WINDOWS Window SC = Glass SC x Shading Device SC SCwindow = 0.6 x 0.8 = 0.48 a reduction of more than 50%

  35. Projection Window Height R1 = Projection / Window Height Typical = 0.3m/1.2m = 0.25 SC = 0.8

  36. TABLE 5

  37. TABLE 6

  38. 5 OPTIMISING THE BUILDING ENVELOPE

  39. Let the MAXIMUM DAYLIGHT in By having the highestVLT Block out the SOLAR HEAT GAIN by maximizing the SHADING COEFFICIENT=LowestSC

  40. ideal window transmittance solar spectrum 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Wavelength, nm visible CHOOSE SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE GLAZING

  41. WINDOW GLAZING Spectrally Selective Glazing : Lets in the lights, blocks out the heat TintedGlazing Heat Light Sp. Sel. Glazing Heat Light Typical Values, Double Glazing : Light 60% Transmission Heat 30 % Transmission

  42.  II High VLT High SC IV Low VLT Low SC  I Low VLT High SC OPTIMIZING VLT vs SC 1 VLT Visible Light Transmittance III High VLT Low SC 0 0 1 SC Shading Coefficient

  43.  II High VLT High SC IV Low VLT Low SC  I Low VLT High SC OPTIMIZING VLT vs SC 1 VLT Visible Light Transmittance III High VLT Low SC 0 0 1 SC Shading Coefficient

  44. CLEAR GLASS

  45. TINTED GLASS

  46. TINTED LAMINATED GLASS

  47. REFSHINE-S 6mm

  48. REFSHINE-S laminated

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