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Updates to AMSR-E GPROF over Land R ain A lgorithm & Applications to AMSR-2

Updates to AMSR-E GPROF over Land R ain A lgorithm & Applications to AMSR-2. Ralph Ferraro 1,2 , Patrick Meyers 2 , Nai -Yu Wang 2 , Dave Randel 3 , Chris Kummerow 3 1 NOAA/NESDIS 2 Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (CICS), University of Maryland College Park, MD

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Updates to AMSR-E GPROF over Land R ain A lgorithm & Applications to AMSR-2

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  1. Updates to AMSR-E GPROF over Land Rain Algorithm & Applications to AMSR-2 Ralph Ferraro1,2, Patrick Meyers2, Nai-Yu Wang2, Dave Randel3, Chris Kummerow3 1NOAA/NESDIS 2Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (CICS), University of Maryland College Park, MD 3Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  2. Outline • GPROF2010V2 • AMSR-E • TMI • SSMIS • Independent evaluations • AMSR-2 examples AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  3. Review of GPROF2010 Over Land Changes (N.Y. Wang) • Driven by TRMM V7 reprocessing • Main focus of effort - make improvements over V6 and develop synergy with PR V7 • Previous TRMM versions were always out of sync between TMI and PR • TRMM 2A12 V7 = GPROF2010 • What was changed • Improve Convective-Stratiform separation • TB85V-RR relationships to remove warm season bias • More versatile/precise land/ocean/coast (Dave Randel) • Use of GPM X-Cal L1 TB’s • What was NOT changed • Regional biases • IF-THEN-ELSE screening logic (“Grody” and “GSCAT” heritage) • End result – closer agreement between TRMM V7 2A12 and 2A25 4-5 September 2013 AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA 3

  4. A TMI Example Note the better gradient in the rain rates in V7 compared to V6 and PR; V6 tended to “smear” rain areas due to poorer CSI AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  5. GPROF2010 V2(Meyers, Randel, Wang) • Goal was to improve AMSR-E from TMI version • Beyond TRMM domain, snow becomes a major issue • Can we improve desert sand as well? • Can we start to eliminate IF-THEN-ELSE? (Goal of GPROF2014) • Also, port to other sensors e.g., AMSR-2, SSMI/S • Time series continuity for climate/”blended” products (e.g., NASA/IMERG) • Unbiased retrievals between AMSR-E, SSMI, SSMIS, TMI, AMSR-2, … • Real-time user continuity (NOAA JPSS/GCOM effort) • “Benchmark” for GPM (GPROF2014) to improve upon • What we wound up doing: • Use L1C from X-cal, but still some empirical adjustments to TB’s • TMI vs. AMSR-E – frequencies, etc. Same for AMSR-2, but not for SSM/I and SSMIS • Use of ancillary data sets - Monthly snow climatology, Static desert mask • “Re-engineering” of code • Some changes for coast – definition, databases, etc. AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  6. Example - Screening Problem Convective core screened out – thinks it’s snow on the ground AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  7. Climatological Snow Screening • Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) • Northern Hemisphere • Multisensor (AVHRR, SSM/I, GOES, AMSR-E) • Human in the loop • Daily 24 km snow product 1997-present • AMSR-E Monthly Snow Product • Southern Hemisphere • L3 25km Snow Water Equivalent • Global 1/4° map of likelihood of snow coverage • If (p > 75%), snow likely, pixel flagged AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  8. Climatological Snow Screening AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  9. Climatological Desert Screening International Geosphere/Biosphere Programme1/12° scene types AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  10. GPROF2010V2 Land Screening New Old Now used less often AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  11. Putting it all together… AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  12. Example - Screening Problem Convective core intact Convective core screened out AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  13. Rain Rate – January 2010 mm·day-1 AMSR-E GPROF2010 mm·day-1 AMSR-E GPROF2010V2 mm·day-1 Less due to snow climatology NEW - OLD More convective cores included AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  14. AMSR-E Monthly Rain – July 2010 AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  15. Comparison to GPCP AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  16. Comparison to GPCP 75% Snow Climo. AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  17. Comparison to GPCP AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  18. Comparison to GPCP AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  19. GPCC Gauge Comparisons: Jan – Jun 2013 TMI (mm/mon) AMSR-2 (mm/mon) GPCC Gauge (mm/mon) GPCC Gauge (mm/mon) ALL SatelliteI (mm/mon) SSMIS F18I (mm/mon) GPCC Gauge (mm/mon) GPCC Gauge (mm/mon) AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  20. AMSR-2 • Teaming with CSU on recently selected NASA proposal for continuity of AMSR-E time series with AMSR-2 • NOAA is also using AMSR-2 as part of JPSS program through separate arrangement with JAXA • Show some examples of AMSR-2 usage (P. Meyers) • Super storm Sandy • Moore, OK Tornado • Mid-Atlantic Tornado with rapid imagery and lightning • Matchups with TMI (R. Joyce) AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  21. Super Storm Sandy – October 2012 NEXRAD Reflectivity AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  22. Moore, OK Tornado May 20, 2013 • Agreement in locations of heaviest precipitation AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  23. NMQ-Q2 Validation Smoothed Reflectivities AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  24. Cross-Track TB • Strong scattering in core of storm • Negative polarization at 89 GHz due to large hail? • East/West gradient in low frequency polarization suggests changes in soil moisture due to rain AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  25. Mid-Atlantic Severe Weather - 6/13/13 • 1 minute GOES visible and DCLMA • Simulate GOES-R ABI and GLM • Lightning “jumps” related to tornadic storms • GPROF AMSR-2 Rain Rates • 1 second lighting from DCLMA • Lightning related to 89 GHz scattering AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  26. GCOM-W1 AMSR2 (top) derived precipitation (mm/hr) TRMM TMI (bottom) 02:30-03:00 UTC 1 March 2013 Courtesy of Bob Joyce, NOAA/NWS/NCEP/CPC 26 AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  27. GCOM-W1 AMSR2 (top) derived precipitation (mm/hr) TRMM TMI (bottom) 04:00-04:30 UTC 1 March 2013 Courtesy of Bob Joyce, NOAA/NWS/NCEP/CPC 27 AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  28. Summary and Future Plans • GPROF2010V2 over land • Essentially produces unbiased estimates for • TMI, AMSR-E, AMSR-2, SSM/I, SSMIS • Will allow for continuity from AMSR-E to AMSR-2 • Being adopted at NOAA as part of JPSS/GCOM EDR’s • Ready for AMSR-E reprocessing (if not done already) • Improved features include • Uses snow and desert climatologies • Better CSI for improved rain rates • GPROF 2014 – in development (GPM/CSU team) • Eliminate empirical RR calculation over land • Identifies emissivity classes for Bayesian retrieval AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  29. Backup Slides AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

  30. GPROF VS Radar

  31. Along-Track Tbs • Scattering signature down to 18GHz • Low polarization differences at higher frequencies, as expected AMSR-E Science Team Meeting – Oxnard, CA

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