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Materials and their Properties

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Materials and their Properties

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    1. Materials and their Properties Chapter 11

    2. Chapter Outline Materials and the Modern World The Strengths of Materials Electrical Properties of Materials Magnetic Properties of Materials Microchips and the Information Revolution

    3. Materials and the Modern World

    4. Materials and the Modern World Materials define technical sophistication Chemists’ contributions Properties of Materials The kind of atoms of which it is made Arrangement of atoms Type of bonding of atoms

    5. The Strengths of Materials

    6. Different Kinds of Strength Strength Compressive Tensile Shear Elastic Limit Strength depends on type and arrangement of bonds

    7. Composite Materials Composite materials Combination of materials Increase strength

    8. Electrical Properties of Materials

    9. Conductors & Insulators Conductors Electrical conductor Electrons flow freely Electrical resistance Draining of energy from current Insulators No electricity flows through them

    10. Semiconductors Semiconductors Neither good conductors or insulators Example: Silicon Conduction electrons Hole

    11. Superconductors Superconductivity Absence of electrical resistance At cold temperature electrons move without losing energy How? Electron-ion interactions

    12. Magnetic Properties of Materials

    13. Magnetic Properties of Materials Magnetic field Due to electrical current Electrons spinning Arrangement of atomic magnets Determines level of magnetism

    14. Microchips and the Information Revolution New materials often lead to new technologies that change society

    15. Doped Semiconductors Doping Addition of minor impurity N-type semiconductor Extra electron P-type semiconductor Hole

    16. Diodes Diode Combination of p- and n-type semiconductors One-way gate

    17. The Transistor Transistor Control flow of electrons Emitter Base Collector Uses Cell phone Computer

    18. Microchips Microchip Complex array of p- and n-type semiconductors Integrated circuit Design Layers interconnected

    19. Information The binary digit or bit Two possible answers to a simple question 8 bits= 1 byte

    20. Computers Computer Stores and manipulates information Central Processing Unit (CPU) Nanotechnology

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