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Protecting Water Quality While Using Pesticides

Protecting Water Quality While Using Pesticides. Pesticides must be applied . . . in a manner that will not cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment . . . Minnesota Statues 18B.07. Monitor surface and ground water. Increase monitoring where pesticides are found.

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Protecting Water Quality While Using Pesticides

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  1. Protecting Water QualityWhile Using Pesticides

  2. Pesticides must be applied . . .in a manner that will not cause unreasonable adverse effectson the environment . . . Minnesota Statues 18B.07

  3. Monitor surface and ground water. Increase monitoring where pesticides are found. Educate and inspects on label requirements. Evaluate need for add’t regulations. Develop, promote, and evaluate voluntary practices, including Best Mgt. Practices. Monitoring Voluntary practices Regulations MDA’s three-part approach . . . 3

  4. Groundwater monitoring locations2010 Agricultural (149) Urban (20) 4

  5. Surface water monitoring locations2010 Streams (61) Automated (7) Lakes Since 2007 (82) 5

  6. Pesticide monitoring results - 2009 19 pesticidesdetected at some level Over time, 5 are frequently detectedin groundwater 5 31 pesticidesmonitored for in ground and surface water 31 19 2 Over time, 2 are detected insurface waterat “concentrations of concern” 6

  7. Groundwater monitoring trends Groundwater Acetochlor Alachlor Atrazine Metolachlor Metribuzin(parent chemical, or breakdown product) Five frequently detected, butatlow levels. 7

  8. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 1 (Northwest)Monitoring locations: 7 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  9. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 4 (Central Sands)Monitoring locations: 84 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  10. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 5 (East Central)Monitoring locations: 9 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  11. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 6 (West Central)Monitoring locations: 9 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  12. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 7 (Southwest)Monitoring locations: 7 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  13. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 8 (South Central)Monitoring locations: 12 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  14. 2009 Groundwater ResultsMonitoring Region 9 (Southeast – Karst)Monitoring locations: 62 * Detections include parent chemical and breakdown products ** Health value is for parent chemical and breakdown products combined

  15. Atrazine andbreakdown products in groundwaterMedian values 2000 - 2009Region 4 (Central Sands)

  16. Surface water Acetochlor Atrazine Pesticide monitoring trendsin surface water Detected at “concentrations of concern”, approaching or exceeding water quality standards. Acetochlor and atrazine in surface water is a focus of MDA work. 10% - 50%of standard. 17

  17. Acetochlor 26% 0% 0% Detection frequencyin surface water - 2009 MDA Tier 1 & 2 monitoring locations 23% 15% 63% 60% 69% 88% 74%

  18. Atrazine 65% 50%* 0% Detection frequencyin surface water - 2009 MDA Tier 1 & 2 monitoring locations * Two of four samples had detections 54% 81% 81% 100% 100% 98% 100%

  19. Why are acetochlor & atrazinebeing found at concentrations ofconcern in surface water? • Widely used products • Soluble in water • Not strongly absorbed to soil

  20. Monitor surface and ground water. Increase monitoring where pesticides are found. Educate and inspects on label requirements. Evaluate need for add’t regulations. Develop, promote, and evaluate voluntary practices, including Best Mgt. Practices. Monitoring Voluntary practices Regulations Three part approach . . . 21

  21. Water QualityBest Management Practices Core BMPs forall ag herbicides Individual BMPs for: Acetochlor Alachlor Atrazine Metolachlor Metribuzin BMPs are voluntary options unless they reference label requirements. Label = Law. 22

  22. Surface water protectionBMPs for all ag herbicides Scout fields, match management to problem. Evaluate reduced rates. Soil incorporate herbicides. Install filter strips near water & inlets. Use precision application methods. Rotate herbicides used. Options – Select BMPs most appropriatefor conditions and operation.(Unless a label requirement – then follow!) 23

  23. In response to water quality impairments and changes in acetochlor use. Provides more detailed guidance on application set backs and filter strips. Address new application technologies. 2010 Acetochlor BMPs revision 24

  24. Acetochlor water quality impairments Twin Cities • First impairments inMN due to a pesticide. • Beauford Ditch is a tributary of theLe Sueur River. • MDA, MPCA, UM, growers and industryare working together on a response. BeaufordDitchWatershed Mankato Le SueurRiverWatershed Albert Lea

  25. Revised Acetochlor BMPs Addresses lower application rates when acetochlor is followed by Roundup or Ignite. Gives application setback recommendations(66 ft streams; 200 ft lakes). Gives filter strip width recommendations(30 ft unless impaired watershed, then 60 ft). Gives the option to rotate acetochlor withherbicides within same chemical family.(e.g., metolachlor, dimethenamid, flufenacet) 26

  26. BMP Effectiveness Percent reduction in acetochlor runoffUM Computer Modeling of Beauford Creek Watershed

  27. What is your experiencewith MDA BMPs? Clicker padquestion #1: • Until now, I was not aware of them. • I was aware of them, but never read them. • I have read some or all of them. • I have read some or all of them and made management changes based on them. 0 of 100

  28. Which BMP that youare not using wouldyou be most likely to try? Clicker padquestion #2: • Reduced application rates. • Soil incorporate herbicides. • Install filter strips near water & inlets. • Maintain application setbacks from water. • I am already using all the above BMPs. 0 of 100

  29. Monitor surface and ground water. Increase monitoring where pesticides are found. Educate and inspects on label requirements. Evaluate need for add’t regulations. Develop, promote, and evaluate voluntary practices, including Best Mgt. Practices. Monitoring Voluntary practices Regulations Three part approach . . . 30

  30. Look for water quality label requirements: • Application setbacksfrom water. • Vegetative filter strip requirements. • Application rates over shallow groundwater. • Look under:“Environmental Hazards” or“Use Restrictions”

  31. “Atrazine” does not have to be in the name to be in the product! Herbicides registered in Minnesota that contain atrazine

  32. Point of runoffentry into stream 66 feet Atrazine label application setbackfrom streams No atrazine application

  33. MPB-267065 Atrazine application less than 66 feet from stream(MDA Inspection Photo)

  34. What’s a “standpipe”? Slotted Riser Open inlet Rock Inlet All surface tile inlets that are designed to drain surface water, such as slotted riser pipes, open inlets, rock inlets.

  35. 66 feet Atrazine setbacks from standpipesin tile-outletted terraced fields Application setback: One label option Surface tile inlet = standpipe.One of the following three restrictions need to be followed for included standpipes: 20% of atrazine labels omit the word “terraced”, so all standpipes, whether in a terraced field or not, are included. • Do one of the following: • Incorporate atrazine to depth of 2 – 3 inches, or, • Use no-till with high residue management, or, • Set back atrazine application 66 feet from standpipe. No atrazine application

  36. 50 feet MWF-275040 Atrazine label application setbacks on wells and sinkholes No atrazine application Atrazine application less than 50’ from well(MDA Inspection Photo)

  37. MDA atrazine use inspections • Focus is on proper application setbacks from water. • Both commercial and private applicators inspected.

  38. Application setbacks on insecticide labels Aerial application Ground application 25 ft 100 to 150 ft • Carbamate (Larvin 3.2) • Organophosphate (Lorsban 4E) • Pyrethroid (Asana XL, Warrior II)

  39. Groundwater protection label requirements • Example found on acetochlor product labels. • Restricts use on coarse texture, low organic matter soils. • Only applies if within150 feet of a well.

  40. www.mda.state.mn.us/pesticides 42

  41. Ron StrussMinnesota Department of Agriculture 651-201-6269ron.struss@state.mn.us www.mda.state.mn.us/herbicidebmps 43

  42. EXTRA SLIDES

  43. Acetochlor and atrazine widely used Corn herbicide use – MDA telephone survey results

  44. Acetochlor Second most commonly used herbicide in MN. Harness, Keystone, SureStart, Surpass, Volley. Aquatic life standardof 3.6 ppb over 4 days. Drinking waterstandard of 9.0 ppb. Atrazine Third most commonly used herbicide. Sold by itself and inmany pre-mixes. Aquatic life standardof 10 ppb over 4 days. Drinking waterstandard of 3.0 ppb. Acetochlor and atrazine,surface water pesticides of concern

  45. Why aren’t glyphosate & s-metolachlor being found at levels of concernin surface water?? • Glyphosatestrongly absorbed to soillower toxicity • S-Metolachlorlower uselower toxicity

  46. Atrazine Special Registration Review - MN • Review concluded November 18th. • Joint MDA, MDH, MPCA effort. Public input. • MDA Commissioner Hugoson has determined that no modifications to atrazine regulation are required in Minnesota at this time. • Review recommendations include enhancing water monitoring efforts, tracking EPA atrazine evaluations, and stepping up efforts to inform private well owners about water quality testing. www.mda.state.mn.us/atrazine

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