Physics 11

1. Physics 11 Nuclear Technology Concept Map S.Coghlan

2. This concept map is designed to help you; Understand how the various different parts of nuclear technology link together. Study the whole section of work. Main Concepts Printer friendly version available from my web site Linking words S. Coghlan

3. Atomic Structure Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment Nuclear equations Binding energy calculations Fusion Fission Radioactive isotopes model involves includes balance E = mc2 joining splitting uses Nuclear Technology

4. Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment involves includes Atomic Structure Nuclear equations model balance Nuclear Technology uses E = mc2 Binding energy calculations Radioactive isotopes splitting joining Fission Fusion

5. Nucleus Electron cloud (Energy levels) Isotopes Geiger counter   Effect on humans Bq Sv Gy A Z Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment involves includes Atomic Structure Nuclear equations model balance Nuclear Technology uses E = mc2 Binding energy calculations Radioactive isotopes splitting joining Fission Fusion has protons protons + neutrons has atoms detected by types detrimental units arranged in

6. Effect on humans (Energy levels)  Bq  Geiger counter detrimental arranged in Sv detected by Isotopes types units Electron cloud Gy Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment atoms A has protons + neutrons involves includes Nucleus Atomic Structure has Nuclear equations model balance protons Nuclear Technology Z uses E = mc2 Binding energy calculations Radioactive isotopes splitting joining Fission Fusion

7. Very high temperature Stars Nuclear reactor Energy source Atomic explosions Calculated ½-life Decay curves Effect on humans (Energy levels)  Bq requires occurs controlled efficient uncontrolled decay produces can be  Geiger counter detrimental arranged in Sv detected by Isotopes types units Electron cloud Gy Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment atoms A has protons + neutrons involves includes Nucleus Atomic Structure has Nuclear equations model balance protons Nuclear Technology Z uses E = mc2 Binding energy calculations Radioactive isotopes splitting joining Fission Fusion

8. Effect on humans (Energy levels)  Bq  Geiger counter detrimental arranged in Sv detected by Isotopes types units Electron cloud Gy Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment atoms A has protons + neutrons involves includes Nucleus Atomic Structure has Nuclear equations model balance protons Nuclear Technology Z uses E = mc2 Binding energy calculations Radioactive isotopes splitting joining decay Fission Fusion ½-life uncontrolled requires controlled occurs Very high temperature produces Atomic explosions can be Nuclear reactor Stars Decay curves Calculated efficient Energy source

9. Physics 11 Nuclear Technology Your own concept map Single page concept map The End S.Coghlan

10. Atomic Structure Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment Nuclear equations Binding energy calculations Fusion Fission Radioactive isotopes Nucleus Electron cloud (Energy levels) Isotopes Geiger counter   Effect on humans Bq Sv Gy A Z Very high temperature Stars Nuclear reactor Energy source Atomic explosions Calculated½-life Decay curves Main Concepts You can use these Main Concepts and Linking Words to complete your own concept map. You can print out the next page and use it as a framework. Linking Words model involves includes balance E = mc2 joining splitting uses has protons protons + neutrons Has atoms detected by types detrimental units arranged in requires occurs controlled efficient produces can be uncontrolled decay Printer friendly version available from my web site

11. Printer friendly version available from my web site Nuclear Technology

12. Effect on humans (Energy levels)  Bq  Geiger counter detrimental arranged in Sv detected by Isotopes types units Electron cloud Gy Radiation from nucleus Radiation from environment atoms A has protons + neutrons involves includes Nucleus Atomic Structure has Nuclear equations model balance protons Nuclear Technology Z uses E = mc2 Binding energy calculations Radioactive isotopes splitting joining decay Fission Fusion ½-life uncontrolled requires controlled occurs Very high temperature produces Atomic explosions can be Nuclear reactor Stars Decay curves Calculated efficient Energy source

13. ½-life calculations (A) N = N0 2-t/T N  number of nuclei remaining N0 number of nuclei initially t  time T  half-life

14. ½-life calculations (B) 100 radioactive nuclei initially 50 after 1 ½-life 25 after 2 ½-lives 12.5 after 3 ½-lives 6.25 after 4 ½-lives 3.12 after 5 ½-lives 1.56 after 6 ½-lives 

15. Measuring Radioactivity The unit of radioactive sample activity is the bequerel 1 Bq = 1 count per second = 1 decay per second The unit of radiation absorbed dose is the gray 1 Gy = 1 J kg-1 = Energy absorbed Mass The unit indicating cell damage due to radiation is the sievert 1 Sv = 1 J kg-1 = Absorbed dose (Gy) x Quality factor

16. Beta emission 14 14 0 C N e + 7 -1 6 14 = 14 + 0 Mass numbers 6 = 7 + -1 Atomic numbers