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TOURISM AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT : A CASE STUDY OF MATHERAN IN RAIGAD DISTRICT.

TOURISM AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT : A CASE STUDY OF MATHERAN IN RAIGAD DISTRICT. PRESENTED BY DR.RAJARAM APPAJI PATIL Associate professor, Mahatma Phule A.S.C. College , Panvel. INTRODUCTION.

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TOURISM AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT : A CASE STUDY OF MATHERAN IN RAIGAD DISTRICT.

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  1. TOURISM AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT : A CASE STUDY OF MATHERAN IN RAIGAD DISTRICT. PRESENTED BY DR.RAJARAM APPAJI PATIL Associate professor, Mahatma Phule A.S.C. College ,Panvel.

  2. INTRODUCTION Tourism is mainly travel for recreation and leisure purposes. It is a provision of support services to the leisure travel. The World Tourism Organization (WTO) defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited”. It is a popular global leisure activity.

  3. Tourism is vital for many countries, for the purpose of income from the goods and support services by tourists, the taxes levied on businesses in the tourism industry. It gives opportunities for employment in the tourism related service industries which include transportation services such as cruise ships and taxis, accommodation like hotels, restaurants, bars and entertainment venues and other hospitality industry services. Tourism need basic infrastructure in which transportation is necessary for accessibility of region. India is known as country for all seasons and all type of natural physical setup. India is a beautiful country having long past and spiritual traditions. Therefore here number of natural and manmade attractions are available. In India because of Himalaya and Western ghat, number of lofty beautiful hills are available for tourists. Western ghat is declared as hot spot for biodiversity by UNESCO. Half of the portion of this western ghat is coming in Maharashtra on which number of hill stations has been emerged as tourist attraction. In these hill stations Matheran is important. This location has been developed as ecotourism destination. Vehicles are not allowed on Matheran, only toy train and some of the vehicles can reach to the entrance of Matheran. But this travelling take time to reach at Matheran.Therefore people need some of the advance techniques to develop accessible facility. For this ropeway is the best solution .Therefore further given analysis has been attempted.

  4. STUDY AREA Matheran is famous hillstaion in Maharashtra. The name Matheran means "forest on the forehead" (of the mountains). It is in KarjatTahsil of Raigad Districtstate of Maharashtra. It is located at 18°58’North latitude and 73°18’East longitude. It has an average elevation of 800 metres (2224 feet )from mean sea level ,covered an area 7km2 on the Western Ghats range . It is located around 125 km. away from Mumbai, 120 km from Pune and 20 km from Panvel via Dodhani. It is delimited by Neral from East , Dodhani from West. The population of Matheran was 5139 in 2001 in which 58% Male and 42% female population, having density 730 persons/km2.provisional population of Matheran is 6260 in 2011. Matheran lies in an elevated region, enjoys a cooler and less humid climate which makes it popular during the summer months. Temperatures range from 32 °C (90 °F) to 16 °C (61 °F). Matheran is dense vegetation cover which includes majority of medicinal plants and herbs. Proximity to many metropolitan cities makes it a popular weekend getaway for urban residents. The Dodhani,Maldunge,Dhamni and Deharang are the tribal villages located at Western foothill of Matheran having population 1462,1067,578 and309 respectively.

  5. OBJECTIVES To study the main attractions infrastructural facilities . To study the impact on environment. To suggest the solutions .

  6. DATA COLLECTION AND METHODOLOGY The entire work is based on the primary and secondary data. The primary data has been collected through observation and interview method. Secondary data collected through The District Gazetteer and District Census Hand Book of Raigad District. Different web sites also referred to collect data.

  7. ATTRACTIONSThere are number of attractive locations in and around Matheran that provide spectacular views of the surrounding hills and valleys. Matheran has a reasonably dense forest cover. There are around 38 designated tourists attracitons in Matheran. • Rambag Pt • Little Chowk Pt • Big Chowk Pt • One Tree Hill Pt • Belvedere Pt • Olympia Race Course • Lords Pt • Charlotte Lake • PisharnathMahadevMandir • Celia Pt (Actually a water fall mouth) • Echo Pt. • Porcupine Pt (Sun Set Pt) • Panorama Point (Sun Rise Pt) • Khandala Pt • Madhavji Garden & Point • Matheran Railway Station • Louisa Point offers crystal clear view of the Prabal Fort. • Mayra Point • The town has also a large number of  monkeys including Bonnet Macaques and Hanuman Langurs. The nearby Lake Charlotte is the main source of Matheran'sdrinking water.

  8. INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITY

  9. VEHICAL TYPES

  10. IMPACT OF TOURISM Soil erosion due to handcart and horses between Dasturinaka to market. Garbage is not properly treated .Its thrown in valley region due to this beauty of nature is spoiled and spread bad odour. Odour of Horse dung and urine is main problem tourist on the top. Big rush for Matheran light railway, when tourists come down. Dust pollution is harmful for tourist as well as horse owners especially pick seasons. Horse owners and local people suffering by lung and eye diseases. Monkey bite and threat . Horses are suffering colic disease is a main threat.

  11. SOLUTIONS Road in-between Dasturinaka to market should be properly maintain. Don’t throw garbage on open space of valleys. It treat properly. Seriously think about horses and handcart as a means of transport. Develop battery vehicle facility in-between Dasturinaka to market and only licence of battery vehicle give to horse owners or labours. Time to time compulsory check-up of horses as well as workers. Construct ropeway facility in-between Dodhani and Matheran. Control monkey bite and threat by local train people. Plantation and plant conservation programmes organise on and around Matheran. Display the Instruction boards about Environmental awareness and cleanliness for tourists .

  12. REFRENCES Rangnekar, Prashant (3 August 2010). "Neral-Matheran misses world heritage site target". The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 September 2012. Ashish Kumar Mishra (2007-04-18). "Joy ride: Matheran chugs back on the tourist map". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2007-04-19. Falling Rain Genomics, Inc –Matheran "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01

  13. SAVE ENVIRONMENT

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