“Elevate the Debate” Milwaukee, WI June 4 th , 2014

1. “Elevate the Debate”Milwaukee, WIJune 4th, 2014 Wisconsin Poverty Summit @WIPovertySummit #ElevatetheDebate

2. Poverty in Wisconsin Ken Taylor Wisconsin Council on Children and Families Robert Kraig Citizen Action of Wisconsin Education Fund

3. Definitions

4. Federal Poverty Guidelines by Family Size For families/households with more than 8 persons, add $4,060 for each additional person. A full-time minimum wage job produces a gross income of $15,080

5. Fed. Poverty Definition Limited • It is set at 3 times the minimum food diet in 1963 • Does not include modern draws on resources like work expenses, transportation to work, medical bills • Not adjusted to modern living standards • Not adjusted by geography (varying living costs) • Does not measure depth of poverty • BUT is still best national measure • (Source, UW Institute for Research on Poverty)

6. Magnitude and Dimensions

7. Children are the Most Impoverished Group

8. % Poverty by AgeLiving Below the Federal Poverty Level 2010 US Census Bureau

9. % Poverty Over Time: 1959-2010Children and Seniors Sachs JD. The Price of Civilization. 2011, Random House, NY. Chapter 10, pp. 185-208

10. 16 Million American children in the U.S. live below the poverty line That’s more than the populations of New York LA and Chicago COMBINED = 100,000 people

11. Child Poverty Rates:United States and United Kingdom 26.1 22.5 18.9 10.6 12.3 2010 Smeeding T, Waldfogel J. Fighting childhood poverty in the US &UK: and update. 2010. Cribb J, Joyce R, Phillip D. Living standards, poverty and inequality in the UK: 2012 . IFS commentary C124.

12. Poverty in Wisconsin

13. What do we know about Wisconsin? • Although our child poverty rate is still below the national average (18% vs. 23%): • Wisconsin’s rate has grown faster than the national rate over the decade • Milwaukee has the 4th highest level of children living in concentrated poverty of the 50 largest cities • There are substantial racial disparities in child poverty rates

14. Percent of the population living in povertyBy county, Wisconsin, 2006-2010 Source: American Community Survey, 2006-2010.

15. Free/Reduced Lunch Eligibility Reveals Trend in WI Child Poverty

16. Concentrated and deep poverty The added challenge of extreme poverty:

17. 100,000 Wisconsin children live in deep poverty

18. Racial Disparities in Wisconsin

19. The poverty rate for Black kids in Wisconsin is 4X higher than for White kids

20. The Economy

21. Income Inequality Trend Source: https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/data/historical/inequality/index.html

22. Thewealthiest 400now have same wealth as half of all Americans

23. America is No Longer the Land of Opportunity

24. 59% of Milwaukee African American men not employed Source UWM Center on Econ Development

25. Minimum Wage Jobs Increasingly Support Families, Lost Ground Minimum Wage over $2.00 per hour less then 1968 Minimum Wage workers in 2014 are much more productive and better educated 87% minimum wage workers 20 years or older 57% are women 45% have some college education 587,000 Wisconsin workers make less than $10.10 per hour

27. Women earn77 cents on the dollar Over a million dollars in lost lifetime earnings

28. Personal Story: Income

29. Poverty & Health

30. What Impacts Health? Social determinants of health

31. Income • Access to health promoting goods and services • Psychosocial effects linked with economic resources • Cumulative effects over time and at critical periods. Sources: RWJF 2008, Obstacles to Health Report, Szanton 2005, RWJF-Stable Jobs http://www.rwjf.org/en/blogs/new-public-health/2013/01/stable_jobs_health.html Braveman, Paula. Income Wealth and Health. RWJF Special Issue Brief http://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/issue_briefs/2011/rwjf70448

32. Employment Sources: RWJF-Stable Jobs http://www.rwjf.org/en/blogs/new-public-health/2013/01/stable_jobs_health.html

33. Access to health care Access to healthcare: Lack of health insurance coverage among Wisconsin adults ages 18-64, by household income, 2008-2011 Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (BRFS); 2008-2011 landline-only dataset.

34. Chronic Diseases:Age-adjusted rates of heart attack and stroke among Wisconsin adults, by household income, 2008-2011 Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (BRFS); 2008-2011 landline-only dataset.

35. Wisconsin Rejection of Enhanced Medicaid Dollars Leaves over 84,000 without Affordable Health Care

36. Personal Story: Health

37. Racial Disparities in Incarceration

38. Juvenile Arrest Rates

39. Adult Arrests

40. Personal Story: Incarceration

41. Education

42. Vocabulary 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Wealthy CHILD’SCUMULATIVE VOCABULARY Middle Class Hart & Risley, 1995 Low Income Age of Child (in months)

43. Students Not Graduating With a Regular Diploma in Four Years

44. Source: Hansen et al (2013) PLoS One http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/12/131211183752.htm

45. Low-Wage Worker Education

46. Real Wisconsin state school spending plummets to 17 year low--biggest cuts to high poverty districts

47. What beliefs get in the way of addressing the challenge of poverty? • We Don’t Have Enough Money • Raising wage floor harms the economy • Its no longer possible to solve big social problems • Personal vs. Systems Analysis of social & economic issues

48. American Poverty Ideology • Faith in markets to distribute resources to the most deserving • Poor are personally responsible for condition • Anyone can make it who is moral (American Dream) • Doing harm by doing good (Dependency) • Deservedness • Contingent on work • Contingent on behavior

49. Common Beliefs about Poor People

50. Roles—It Takes a Village Individuals Families Private Sector Public Sector Charitable Sector Faith Communities