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GEO-LEO Infrared Intercalibration Code Version 2

GEO-LEO Infrared Intercalibration Code Version 2. 30 Nov 2007 Yoshihiko Tahara Koji Kato Meteorological Satellite Center Japan Meteorological Agency. Objects. To ease maintenance, new satellite and algorithm implementation and collaborative work

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GEO-LEO Infrared Intercalibration Code Version 2

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  1. GEO-LEO Infrared Intercalibration Code Version 2 30 Nov 2007 Yoshihiko Tahara Koji Kato Meteorological Satellite Center Japan Meteorological Agency

  2. Objects • To ease maintenance, new satellite and algorithm implementation and collaborative work • Original GSICS code decomposed into Fortran90 modules associated with their functions • GEO module, LEO module, collocation module,GEO radiance simulation module, (output module) • To ease variable control and keep code intelligible • 3 fundamental structure variables introduced • type( GeoData_Def ) :: geo! GEO data • type( LeoData_Def ) :: leo! LEO data • type( Colloc_Def ) :: colloc! collocation information • No change on GRWG algorithm version 1, just focusing on coding conversion • New GEO radiance estimation algorithm implemented in addition to the GRWG version 1 algorithm

  3. Program Flow McIDASData MeteosatData GOESData MTSATData IASI L1c Data AIRS HDF Data GEO Data Read Subroutine GEO Data Read Subroutine GEO Data Read Subroutine LEO Data Read Subroutine GEO Data Read Subroutine LEO Data Read Subroutine Collocation Subroutine GEO-LEO SpectralAdjust Param Files MTSAT vs. AIRS GEO-LEO SpectralAdjust Param Files MTSAT vs. IASI GEO-LEO SpectralAdjust Param Files METEOSAT vs. AIRS AIRS Simulated Radiance Data GEO-LEO SpectralAdjust Param Files GOES vs. AIRS GEO Radiance Simulation Subroutine GEO-LEO SpectralAdjust Param Files METEOSAT vs. IASI GEO radiance simulation subroutine GEO-LEO SpectralAdjust Param Files GOES vs. IASI IASI Simulated Radiance Data Output Subroutine Collocation Result

  4. New satellite implemented by replacing either GEO module “access_geo” or LEO module “access_leo” Modules • module common_constants • Basic constants defined programgeo_leo_intercal_ir [variable definition] geo, leo, colloc • moduleaccess_geo • Definition of GEO data structure • Subroutines to open/close GEO, get GEO data, deallocate arrays call open_geo( geo, GeoFile ) call get_geo_radiance( geo ) call open_leo( leo, LeoFile ) • moduleaccess_leo • Definition of LEO data structure • Subroutines to open/close LEO, get LEO data, deallocate arrays call get_leo_data( leo, rc ) call colloc_geo_leo( geo, leo, colloc ) call get_simgeo_convolution(geo,leo,colloc) • modulecollocate_geo_leo • Definition of collocation data structure • Subroutines to collocate GEO-LEO, deallocate arrays call get_simgeo_constrain(geo,leo,colloc) call output( geo, leo, colloc ) call close_geo( geo ) • modulesimulate_georad_convolution • module simulate_georad_constrain • Subroutines to estimate GEO radiances from LEO data, deallocate arrays call close_leo( leo ) call destroy_geo( geo ) call destroy_leo( leo ) call destroy_colloc( colloc ) • module (output) • Subroutine to write out results call destroy_simgeo_***()

  5. Rules for GEO/LEO Module Creation Rule 1 – Name of GEO/LEO module • Module name either “access_leo” or “access_geo” • Different satellite, different module (satellites selected in “Makefile”) Rule 2 – Definition of GEO/LEO data structure • Structure name either “GeoData_Def” or “LeoData_Def” • Identical names and types of fundamental elements for modules • Array elements can be with allocatable or pointer attribution • Extra elements can be defined freely for local use purpose Rule 3 – Definition of GEO/LEO data access subroutines • Same subroutine names, interfaces and functions for modules • Open and close satellite file: open_geo/leo, close_geo/leo • Read LEO radiances and other observation information: get_leo_data • Read GEO radiances: get_geo_radiance • Service subroutines to retrieve some GEO observation information: get_geo_SatZen, get_geo_ScanTime, get_geo_LineElem_from_LonLat • Deallocate array variables: destroy_geo/leo

  6. LEO Module “access_leo” (structure definition) Names of module and elements in the green box should be the same for all LEO modules. Array variables can be with allocatable or pointer. TYPE :: LeoData_Def CHARACTER( LEN = 80 ) :: SatName! satellite name CHARACTER( LEN = 80 ) :: SenName! sensor name REAL( 4 ) :: fov! sensor FOV size in km at nadir INTEGER :: nLine! # of lines along LEO orbit INTEGER :: nElem! # of pixels across LEO orbit INTEGER :: nChan! # of LEO IR channels for each pixel REAL( 8 ) :: Latitude ( nElem, nLine ) ! latitude [degree] REAL( 8 ) :: Longitude ( nElem, nLine ) ! longitude [degree] REAL( 8 ) :: Time ( nElem, nLine ) ! observation time, TAI since 1993 REAL( 4 ) :: SatZen ( nElem, nLine ) ! satellite zenith angle [degree] REAL( 4 ) :: SatAzi ( nElem, nLine ) ! satellite azimuth angle [degree] REAL( 4 ) :: SolZen ( nElem, nLine ) ! solar zenith angle [degree] REAL( 4 ) :: SolAzi ( nElem, nLine ) ! solar azimuth angle [degree] REAL( 4 ) :: Radiance ( nChan, nElem, nLine ) ! radaince [mW/(m2.sr.cm-1)] INTEGER :: fid! HDF-EOS file ID INTEGER :: swid! HDF-EOS swath ID END TYPE LeoData_Def Other elements can be freely defined only for the use in this module

  7. LEO Module (subroutines)Names, interfaces and functions of the following subroutines should be equally prepared in any LEO modules ! Open LEO data file “File” and return LEO fundamental parameters SUBROUTINE open_leo( leo, File ) CHARACTER( LEN = * ) , INTENT( IN ) :: File ! Path to a LEO data file TYPE( LeoData_Def ) , INTENT( OUT ) :: leo ! LEO structure variable ! leo%SatName = (satellite name) ! leo%SenName = (sensor name) ! leo%fov = (sensor FOV size at nadir, km) ! Close LEO data file SUBROUTINE close_leo( leo ) TYPE( LeoData_Def ) , INTENT( IN ) :: leo ! LEO structure variable

  8. LEO Module (subroutines, conti.) ! Read LEO radiances and other observation information (lat, lon, time, sat. zen. angles) SUBROUTINE get_leo_data( leo, rc ) TYPE( LeoData_Def ) , INTENT( INOUT ) :: leo ! LEO structure variable ! LeoData%nLine = (# of lines along LEO orbit) ! LeoData%nElem = (# of pixels across LEO orbit) ! LeoData%nChan = (# of LEO channels for each pixel) ! LeoData%Latitude ( nElem, nLine ) = (latitude [degree]) ! LeoData%Longitude ( nElem, nLine ) = (longitude [degree]) ! LeoData%Time ( nElem, nLine ) = (observation time, TAI since 1993 [sec]) ! LeoData%SatZen ( nElem, nLine ) = (satellite zenith angle [degree]) ! LeoData%Radiance ( nChan, nElem, nLine ) = (radaince [mW/(m2.sr.cm-1)]) INTEGER , INTENT( OUT) :: rc ! return code, ! 0:data returned and more data remained, 1:data returned and EOF, 2:no more data ! Deallocate array variables if allocated in “get_leo_data()” SUBROUTINE destroy_leo( leo ) TYPE( LeoData_Def ) , INTENT( INOUT ) :: leo ! LEO structure variable

  9. GEO Module (structure definition) Names of module and elements in the green box should be the same for all GEO modules. Array variable can be with allocatable or pointer. TYPE :: GeoData_Def CHARACTER( LEN = 80 ) :: SatName! satellite name CHARACTER( LEN = 80 ) :: SenName! sensor name REAL( 4 ) :: fov! sensor FOV size at nadir [km] INTEGER :: OverSampling! 2:GOES Imager, 1:METEOSAT, GMS, MTSAT INTEGER :: nLine! # of lines over the intercalibration subdomain INTEGER :: nElem! # of pixels in a line over the subdomain INTEGER :: nChan! # of GEO IR channels for each pixel REAL( 4 ) :: Radiance ( nElem, nLine, nChan ) ! radaince [mW/(m2.sr.cm-1)] INTEGER :: SatId ! Satellite ID, 1-5:GMS-1 to 5, 6-7:MTSAT-1R to 2 INTEGER :: LineOffset ! Line Offset, [true Line] = Line + geo%LineOffset INTEGER :: ElemOffset ! Elem (Pixel) Offset, [true Elem] = Elem + geo%ElemOffset END TYPE GeoData_Def Other elements can be freely defined only for the use in this module

  10. GEO Module (subroutines)Names, interfaces and functions of the following subroutines should be equally prepared in any GEO modules ! Open LEO data file “File” and return GEO fundamental parameters SUBROUTINE open_geo( geo, File ) CHARACTER( LEN = * ) , INTENT( IN ) :: File( : ) ! Path to GEO data file(s) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( OUT ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable ! geo%SatName = (satellite name) ! geo%SenName = (sensor name) ! geo%fov = (sensor FOV size at nadir, km) ! Close GEO data file SUBROUTINE close_geo( geo ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( IN ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable

  11. GEO Module (subroutines, conti.) ! Read GEO radiance data over an intercalibration subdomain SUBROUTINE get_geo_radiance( geo ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( INOUT ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable ! geo%nLine = (# of lines over an intercalibration subdomain) ! geo%nElem = (# of pixels in a line over the subdomain) ! geo%nChan = (# of GEO IR channels for each pixel) ! geo%Radiance ( nElem, nLine, nChan ) = (radaince data [mW/(m2.sr.cm-1)]) ! Deallocate array variables if allocated in “get_geo_data()” SUBROUTINE destroy_geo( geo ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( INOUT ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable

  12. GEO Module (subroutines, conti.) ! Compute a satellite zenith angle at the specified pixel position (Elem,Line) ! on the intercalibration subdomain SUBROUTINE get_geo_SatZen( geo, Elem, Line, SatZen ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( IN ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable INTEGER , INTENT( IN ) :: Elem ! pixel position (Elem, Line) INTEGER , INTENT( IN ) :: Line REAL( 4 ) , INTENT( OUT ) :: SatZen ! satellite zenith angle (degree) ! Compute a observation time at the specified pixel position (Elem,Line) ! TAI (Temps Atomique International) total seconds from 1 Jan 1993 SUBROUTINE get_geo_ScanTime( geo, Elem, Line, ScanTime ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( IN ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable INTEGER , INTENT( IN ) :: Elem ! pixel position (Elem, Line) INTEGER , INTENT( IN ) :: Line REAL( 8 ) , INTENT( OUT ) :: ScanTime ! satellite zenith angle (degree) ! Compute a pixel position (Elem,Line) corresponding to the specified geophysical location! (Longitude,Latitude) SUBROUTINE get_geo_LineElem_from_LonLat( geo, Longitude, Latitude, Elem, Line ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , INTENT( IN ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable REAL( 8 ) , INTENT( IN ) :: Longitude ! geophysical location (lon,lat) [deg] REAL( 8 ) , INTENT( IN ) :: Latitude REAL( 4 ) , INTENT( OUT ) :: Elem ! pixel position (Elem,Line) REAL( 4 ) , INTENT( OUT ) :: Line

  13. Collocation Module (structure definition) Subroutine colloc_geo_leo() in this module returns GEO-LEO collocation information and allocates simulated GEO radiance variables TYPE :: Colloc_Def INTEGER :: num! number of collocated LEO pixels !-- collocation information associated with LEO INTEGER :: iLeo ( num )! LEO pixel (iLeo,jLeo) collocated to INTEGER :: jLeo ( num )! GEO pixel (iGeo,jGeo) !-- GEO radiances simulated from LEO radiance data REAL( 4 ) :: SimGeoCnvlKato ( geo%nChan, num ) ! convolution and Kato’s compensation REAL( 4 ) :: SimGeoCnvlGshr ( geo%nChan, num ) ! convolution and Gunshor’s compensation REAL( 4 ) :: SimGeoCnst ( geo%nChan, num ) ! spectral constrain REAL( 4 ) :: SimGeoCnstCmps ( geo%nChan, num ) ! constrain and new compensation !-- collocation information associated with GEO INTEGER :: iGeo ( num ) ! GEO pixel (iGeo,jGeo) collocated to INTEGER :: jGeo ( num ) ! LEO pixel (iLeo,jLeo) LOGICAL :: ValidGeoChan ( geo%nChan, num ) ! collocation flags for GEO channels REAL( 4 ) :: GeoEnvMean ( geo%nChan, num ) ! GEO radiance average and STDV over REAL( 4 ) :: GeoEnvStdv ( geo%nChan, num ) ! environment box around (iGeo,jGeo) REAL( 4 ) :: GeoFovMean ( geo%nChan, num ) ! GEO radiance average and STDV over REAL( 4 ) :: GeoFovStdv ( geo%nChan, num ) ! LEO FOV around (iGeo,jGeo) END TYPE Colloc_Def

  14. Collocation Module (condition parameters) No change on collocation algorithmVersion 1 code used as much as possible ! Max time difference (sec) INTEGER, PARAMETER :: MAX_SEC = 900 ! = 300 in version 1 ! Difference in viewing zenith angle (no unit) REAL( Double ), PARAMETER :: MAX_ZEN = 0.01 ! Acceptable variation within the uniform environment REAL( Double ), PARAMETER :: MAX_STDV = 0.05 ! Acceptable deviation between sample and environment REAL( Double ), PARAMETER :: GAUSSIAN = 3.0 ! Size of the required uniform environment environ = INT( 3.0 * leo%fov )

  15. GEO Radiance Simulation Module 2 subroutines released to simulate GEO radiances from collocated LEO hyper sounder data SUBROUTINE get_simgeo_convolution( geo, leo, colloc ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , intent( IN ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable TYPE( LeoData_Def ) , intent( IN ) :: leo ! LEO structure variable TYPE( Colloc_Def ) , intent( INOUT ) :: colloc ! collocation structure variable ! colloc%SimGeoCnvlKato( geo%nChan, : ) ! = Simulated GEO radiances by LEO-GEO spectral convolution. ! LEO spectral gaps compensated by the Kato-Wu method (GRWG-2). ! colloc%SimGeoCnvlGshr( geo%nChan, : ) ! = Simulated GEO radiances by LEO-GEO spectral convolution. ! LEO spectral gaps compensated by the Gunshor method (GRWG-1). SUBROUTINE get_simgeo_constrain( geo, leo, colloc ) TYPE( GeoData_Def ) , intent( IN ) :: geo ! GEO structure variable TYPE( LeoData_Def ) , intent( IN ) :: leo ! LEO structure variable TYPE( Colloc_Def ) , intent( INOUT ) :: colloc ! collocation structure variable ! colloc%SimGeoCnst( geo%nChan, : ) ! = Simulated GEO radiances by LEO-GEO spectral constraint method. ! No LEO spectral gaps compensated. ! colloc%SimGeoCnstCmps( geo%nChan, : ) ! = Simulated GEO radiances by LEO-GEO spectral constraint method. ! LEO spectral gaps compensated by a new method. (reported at GRWG-3)

  16. GEO Radiance Simulation Module Parameter files required • The following files should be prepared on a current directory when executing • Hyper sounder simulated radiance file • Created for each LEO hyper sounder • File path: ./SimulatedRad.txtfor both get_simgeo_constrain( ) and get_simgeo_convolution( ) • GEO-LEO spectral adjustment parameter files • Created for each GEO-LEO combination and each GEO channel • File path:./SupChWgt_Constrain_Ch**.txtforget_simgeo_constrain( )./SupChWgt_Convolution_Ch**.txtforget_simgeo_convolution( ) • Ch**: • GEO channel sequence number

  17. Program OutputTentatively this program writes out collocation results in the text file “./collocated_data.txt”

  18. Coding Status • Main program: geo_leo_intercal_ir • Sample code created • Parameter module: common_constants • Finished • LEO module: access_leo • AIRS and IASI modules finished • GEO module: access_geo • MTSAT/GMS module finished (for accessing to native data) • No other GEO module created • Collocation module: • colloc_geo_leo_convolution: convolution and Kato/Gunshor compens. • Finished for MTSAT (GOES created but not tested yet) • colloc_geo_leo_constrain: constraint and new compensation • Finished • IASI/AIRS vs. MTSAT/METEOSAT/GOES parameter files ready • Output module: not available yet • Tentative text output subroutine created in the main program

  19. Notes and Known Problems • No error handler scheme • This program abnormally ends suddenly by any error • No recovery associated with error code • No deallocation performed in case of the error • No output module • Due to lack of knowledge, collocation results write out in text • Help needed to create a NetCDF or HDF output module • A lot of source, make and execution module files • LEO/GEO module for each LEO/GEO satellite • Makefiles for all combinations of GEO-LEO Fortran 90 modules • As the results, execution modules for all combinations of GEO-LEO Fortran 90 modules • Not organized descriptions and comments in source • Some source codes not including even comments • Sorry…

  20. Released Files (sources and scripts) • intercal_geo_leo_ir.f90 – sample main program • common_constants.f90 – constants commonly used by other modules • date_time.f90 – time computation tools • access_geo_mtsat_gms.f90 – GEO module for MTSAT/GMS native data • SenPlanck_GmsMtsat.f90 – Planck functions for MTSAT/GMS (private use) • access_leo_airs.f90 – LEO module for AIRS HDF granule data • access_leo_iasi.f90 – LEO module for IASI L1c data • Read_IASI_PFS1c.c, Read_IASI_PFS1c.h – functions to call AAPP library • collocate_geo_leo_grwg2.f90 – GEO-LEO collocation module • simulate_georad_convolution.f90 – GEO radiance estimation moduel • spectral convolution method and Kato/Gunshor’s compensation methods • simulate_georad_constrain.f90 – GEO radiance estimation module • spectral constraint method and a new compensation method • Makefile_mtsat_airs, Makefile_mtsat_iasi – sample makefiles • run_mtsat_airs.sh, run_mtsat_iasi.sh – sample shell scripts

  21. Released Files forGEO Radiance Simulation Module • Hyper sounder simulated radiance files • SimulatedRad_AIRS.txt, SimulatedRad_IASI.txt • AIRS and IASI radiances simulated for 8 model profiles • LBLRTM (ver. 11.1) with HITRAN2004 including AER updates (ver. 2) • GEO-LEO spectral adjustment parameter files • [LEO sounder]SuperCh_for_[GEO ch]_[Constran/Convolution]_Wgt.txt • e.g.) AirsSuperCh_for_Mtsat1rIr1_Constrain_Wgt.txt IasiSuperCh_for_Meteosat8Ir039_Constrain_Wgt.txt • [Convolution] Computed by convolution method (Gunshor, GRWG-I) • [Constrain] Computed by constraint method (Tahara, GRWG-I) • Current release: • MTSAT-1R/2 vs. AIRS/IASI • GOES-10/11/12/13 vs. AIRS/IASI (only “constrain”) • METEOSAT-8/9 vs. AIRS/IASI (only “constrain”)

  22. Creation of Execution Module • Module preparation • Create a GEO module for GPRC’s own GEO satellite • (Create a LEO module for a new LEO hyper sounder) • Create a main program (or revise sample main program) • Compilation and linkage • Prepare LAPACK library if using “colloc_geo_leo_constrain.f90” • Prepare HDF libraries if reading AIRS HDF data • Prepare AAPP software if reading IASI L1c data • Create “Makefile” (sample Makefile served) • Make!

  23. Libraries for Link • “access_leo” for AIRS • HDF4 and HDF5 library • http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu/index.html • HDF-EOS2 libraries • http://hdfeos.org/software.php • “access_leo” for IASI • Library contained in AAPP software • http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/interproj/nwpsaf/aapp/ • Registration required to download AAPP software • “get_simgeo_constrain” (new compensation method) • LAPACK (Fortran interface) • http://www.netlib.org/lapack/

  24. Use of Sample Makefile • Copy “Makefile_mtsat_airs/iasi” to “Makefile” • Edit variables • EXE_FILE = (execution module file name to be created) • SRC = (source file) … • HDFINC = -I(path to HDF include files) … • HDFLIB = -L(path to HDF library files) … -lhdfeos -lGctp … • AAPPINC = -I(path to AAPP include files) … • AAPPLIB = -L(path to AAPP library files) … -leps_iasil1c_6.6 … • LAPACKLIB = -L(path to LAPACK library files) -llapack -lblas • CF, CC, LD, … = (Fortran and C compiler, linker, and options) • Compile and link > make (or make normal) ; compile and link with normal options > make debug ; compile and link with debug options > make clean ; erase load, object, module files

  25. Use of Sample Shell Script to Run Please look at “run_mtsat_airs.sh” or “run_mtsat_iasi.sh” Not complicate, easy to modify

  26. If the Converted Code Sharedamong GSICS Members Code be maintained under the collaboration of the GSICS members Fundamental software design - maintained by GCC or dedicated members Parameter files for GEO radiance simulation - maintained by GCC or dedicated members Makefile - maintained by GPRCs for their own uses Main program - maintained by GPRCs for their own uses Parameter module - maintained by GCC LEO module - maintained by GCC or dedicated members GEO module - maintained by GCC and GPRCs for their own uses Collocation module - maintained by GCC or dedicated members Output module - maintained by GCC or dedicated members Shell script - maintained by GPRCs for their own uses

  27. MTSAT-1R and AIRS comparison using this program Collocation Date & Time: 16 UTC, 21 Feb 2007 Conditions: MAX_SEC = 900 MAX_ZEN = 0.01 MAX_STDV = 0.05 MIN_RAD = 1.e-3 GAUSSIAN = 3.0

  28. Radiancecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR1 (10.8 um) vs. AIRS mW/(m2.sr.cm-1) No significant difference between GEO radiance simulation methods, since IR window.

  29. Temperaturecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR1 (10.8 um) vs. AIRS These results are similar to MTSAT and NOAA/AVHRR comparison. Lack of lower temperature samples. Collocation conditions might be reviewed.

  30. Radiancecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR2 (11 um) vs. AIRS mW/(m2.sr.cm-1) No significant difference between GEO radiance simulation methods, since IR window.

  31. Temperaturecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR2 (11 um) vs. AIRS These results are similar to MTSAT and NOAA/AVHRR comparisons. Lack of lower temperature samples. Collocation conditions might be reviewed.

  32. Radiancecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR3 (6.8 um) vs. AIRS mW/(m2.sr.cm-1) GEO radiances simulated by “Constrain and new compensation” (bottom right) fit to MTSAT radiances.

  33. Temperaturecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR3 (6.8 um) vs. AIRS GEO radiances simulated by “Constrain and new compensation” (bottom right) fit to MTSAT radiances.

  34. Radiancecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR4 (3.8 um) vs. AIRS mW/(m2.sr.cm-1) GEO radiances simulated by “Constrain and new compensation” (bottom right) fit to MTSAT radiances. Spectral compensation is crucial.

  35. Temperaturecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR4 (3.8 um) vs. AIRS GEO radiances simulated by “Constrain and new compensation” (bottom right) fit to MTSAT radiances. Similar to NOAA/AVHRR comparison. Spectral compensation is crucial. Lack of lower temperature samples. Collocation conditions might be reviewed.

  36. MTSAT-1R and IASI comparison using this program Collocation Date & Time: 11:45 UTC, 13 Aug 2007 Conditions: MAX_SEC = 900 MAX_ZEN = 0.01 MAX_STDV = 0.05 MIN_RAD = 1.e-3 GAUSSIAN = 3.0

  37. Radiancecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR1 (10.8 um) vs. IASI mW/(m2.sr.cm-1) No gap in IASI spectral, no difference between the GEO radiance simulation methods Any methods good in case of no gap and no missing IASI channel

  38. Radiancecomparisons MTSAT-1R IR4 (3.8 um) vs. IASI mW/(m2.sr.cm-1) Radiance estimation beyond IASI spectral range is crucial. No IASI channel MTSAT 3.8um channel SRF

  39. Temperaturecomparisons MTSAT-1R vs. AIRS 10.8 um 12.0 um Lack of lower temperature samples again. Collocation conditions might be reviewed. 6.8 um 3.8 um

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