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2011 SOUTH EAST ASIAN REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION INDICATORS Hanoi, Vietnam [5 th to 8 th December 2011]. Anita Bahari Malaysian Science and Technology Information Centre (MASTIC) Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) MALAYSIA.
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2011 SOUTH EAST ASIAN REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION INDICATORSHanoi, Vietnam[5th to 8th December 2011] Anita Bahari Malaysian Science and Technology Information Centre (MASTIC) Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) MALAYSIA
Outline of presentation • Introduction • Usage of S&T Indicators • Malaysia’s Performance in S&T Indicators Development • Collecting R&D Statistics • Malaysia’s Experience
MASTIC’s main activities • Conduct surveys, produces reports, develops S&T and R&D databases and provides essential facts and figures on Malaysian S&T and R&D. • S&T Indicators reports– trends in selected indicators reflecting Malaysia’s achievement in S&T (1994 – 2010) • Survey of Research and Development – comprehensive information on status of R&D activities and the R&D growth in Malaysia; • Survey of Innovation – reports on status of technological innovation in manufacturing and services sector • Bibliometrics study – national citation report • Public Awareness of S&T Malaysia – Malaysian public awareness, attitude, interest and understanding towards S&T – once in every 5 years
S&T Indicators • Time series • Trends • Benchmarking • Describes the input and output S&T activity. • The purpose is to contribute to an overview of country knowledge infrastructure, its national and international status, its products, impact and productivity, cooperation and use of knowledge. • Provides an overall picture of performance of country and focus on long term trends
S&T Indicators • It cannot be denied that statistical STI indicators have been of increasing interest to the government, industry and public as a whole. They serve as one of the important inputs in assessing STI system of a country so that national competitive advantages could be maintained and promoted. • Human capital • R&D&C • Enhance collaboration and networking, etc
S&T Indicators Measurement • R&D Survey • Innovation Survey • Public Awareness in S&T Survey • Bibliometrics study • Malaysian Research and Development Classification System – 6th edition • S&T Indicators Report
How we gather the data? • Type of data • Primary • MASTIC conducted own survey • National R&D Survey • Innovation Survey • Public Awareness on S&T • Bibliometrics study • Secondary • Data obtained from various related agency • MOE • Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia (MyIPO) • Bank Negara Malaysia • Other government agencies
What are the Main S&T Indicators? • Input • Education in S&T • Research and Development • Human Resource in S&T • Output • Patents • Bibliometrics • Impact • Public Awareness on S&T • Balance of Payment and Trade in Technology • Innovation in Industry and Technological Innovation
MALAYSIA PERFORMANCE IN R&D 1992 to 2008 and way forward
provide official statistics on Malaysian R&D. Input to the National S&T Policy Benchmarking Importance of R&D Collecting R&D Statistics • Series of biennial surveys - since 1992 until 2008. • Starting from 2009, data collection is done every year • .
EXPENDITURE ON R&D (GERD/GDP), 1992-2008 Note : GERD - Gross Expenditure on R&D GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 2008 : RM 738,667 million Source: MASTIC, R&D Survey report
Trend GERD/GDP, Series Data 1992 – 2008 • 10th Malaysia Plan Objective • GERD /GDP 1.0% by the year 2010
Human Resource in R&D Note; FTE : Full Time Equivalence
Trend Gross Expenditure in R&D (RM million) by Type Of Activity
R&D PERSONNEL • All persons involved directly on R&D include administrators and clerical staff • 3 ways measuring of R&D personnel • Headcount • FTE • Qualification
Measurement of FULL TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE) • Best estimate – total amount of R&D work done by one person in one year (for a given period) • FTE = 1 (maximum) • Measurement in person-years : • A person who spends 75% of their time on R&D would be considered as having an FTE of 0.75 • A full time R&D workers is employed at R&D unit for 6 month, the FTE = 0.5
SURVEY RESPONDENT • Public sector • Head of project • Researcher • Private sector • R&D manager • Accounting • Personnel unit
PROJECT ORGANISATION • Development of questionnaire & endorsement by Steering and Technical Committee • Carry out preliminary survey – public sector • Database development – mailing list & data entry • Launch R&D Survey • send out survey kit • Carry out briefing/ road show to • coordinators • project leaders • researcher • Data collection/ QA • Analysis and report writing
Preliminary survey • For IHL and GRI only • To get basic data regarding R&D activities in organisation - this will be used to measure response rates in the actual survey • Information requested : • Name of Coordinator of institution • Project title • Head of project • Project status • Year expenditure
SURVEY KIT • Questionnaire • Guideline to Questionnaire - A simplified set of instructions to be read by the researcher in order to guide them to fill up the survey form. • MRDCS– Malaysian Research and Development Classification System • MSIC – classify the type of industry for the private sector
Type of questionnaire • Private sector • Main industry activity – MSIC • Present status of the company • Full time employee • Capital & sales • Type of R&D unit • Incentives General • Person responding • Project title • FOR & SEO • R&D personnel • Expenditure • Factors hampering
MRDCS DIVISION CATEGORY GROUP AREA Malaysian Research and Development Classification System (MRDCS) – 6th edition
STATEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY- private sector- • Information provided by your organisation is strictest confidence. MASTIC does not disclose, release or publish any identificiable information on individuals, individuals companies, business unit or R&D units from the survey.
Why the drop in GERD and GERD/GDP ratio? 1992 to 2008 and way forward
Some Research Issues Definitions • Standard definition in methodology used • Best estimate in measuring R&D expenditure • Duration of research project carried out • Financial year reporting Data collection • Data held confidential • Reported as per project or per institution • R&D survey on line: Collecting data per project • Manual : Collecting data per institution
National R&D Survey, 2009-2011 Kick - off 29 Nov 2011 Sept 2010 29 Nov 2011 - Feb 2012
R&D survey on line http://indicators.mastic.gov.my/
TERIMA KASIH Thank you