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OPERA : CERN-LNGS Long Base ν μ → ν τ Appearance Experiment

3 6 groups ~ 1 6 5 physicists. OPERA : CERN-LNGS Long Base ν μ → ν τ Appearance Experiment. Belgium IIHE(ULB-VUB) Brussels. COLLABORATION. Bulgaria Sofia University. China IHEP Beijing, Shandong. Croatia Zagreb University. France LAPP Annecy, IPNL Lyon, LAL Orsay, IRES Strasbourg.

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OPERA : CERN-LNGS Long Base ν μ → ν τ Appearance Experiment

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  1. 36 groups ~ 165 physicists OPERA : CERN-LNGS Long Base νμ→ντAppearance Experiment Belgium IIHE(ULB-VUB) Brussels COLLABORATION Bulgaria SofiaUniversity China IHEP Beijing, Shandong Croatia Zagreb University France LAPP Annecy, IPNL Lyon, LAL Orsay, IRES Strasbourg Germany * Berlin, Hagen, Hamburg, Münster, Rostock Israel Technion Haifa Italy Bari, Bologna, LNF Frascati, L’Aquila, LNGS, Naples, Padova, Rome, Salerno Japan Aichi, Toho, Kobe, Nagoya, Utsunomiya Russia INR Moscow, ITEP Moscow, JINR Dubna, Obninsk Switzerland Bern, Neuchâtel Turkey METU Ankara

  2. OPERA : CERN-LNGS Long Base νμ→ντAppearance Experiment • Motivations: • Direct observation of νμ -> νtoscillation by detection of ντ+ Pb CCinteraction in initially pure νμ beam (0.8% νe, 2% νμ) • νμ-> νeobservation: θ13measurement

  3. OPERA : CERN-LNGS Neutrino Beam (CNGS) 4.5x1019 pot / year <E> ~ 17 GeV

  4. 1 mm t n Pb Emulsion layers • Experience with emulsions and/or nt searches : E531, CHORUS, NOMAD and DONUT Experimental technique • Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC) • Emulsions for tracking, passive material as target • Basic technique established: • charmed “X-particle” first observed in cosmic rays (1971) • DONUT/FNAL beam-dump experiment: nt events observed • Dm2 = (1.3-3) x 10-3 eV2  Mtarget ~ 2 kton • large detector  sensitivity, complexity • modular structure (“bricks”): basic performance is preserved

  5. 8 cm 8 m OPERA Detector: Supermodule structure Pb/Em. ECC brick Basic “cell” Pb/Em. target Emulsion 1 mm Pb Emulsion analysis  vertex  decay kink e/γ/μ/π ID, multiple scattering, kinematics Extract selected brick • Electronic detectors: target tracker, μ spectrometer, veto counters • find the brickwithninteraction • m ID, charge & p

  6. brick packing Pb-emulsion stacking 4 m corridor 48 m OPERA Detector: Disposition in LNGS underground lab Underground assembly space (2003 - 2006) BAM Borexino Hall B Hall C Emulsion storage

  7. OPERA Detector: Disposition in LNGS underground lab 31 target planes / spectrometer (206336 bricks, 1766 tons) Rear damping structure Front damping structure   Mechanical structure and risk analysis study accepted by safety authorities Electronic barrack

  8. ECC Brick 10X0 ( 57 emulsion films ) Packing Options: Vacuum Mechanical

  9. Day by day experiment operation scheme • Emulsion Scanning stations • locate n interaction •  detection • Gran Sasso • tag n interaction • extract ECC brick ECC brick • 30bricks/day • cosmic ray exposure • develop emulsion sheet etc.

  10. Possible improvements: • proton intensity increase  1.5 • running in dedicated mode  1.7 • up to 80 events per day in OPERA • to be taken into account for the scanning power 32300 2.55 efficient beam monitoring OPERA Event rate • 5 years running @ 4.5 1019 /year • in shared mode ντCCinteractions __ __

  11. 5 YEARS 5 YEARS x 1.5 3s 3s 4s 4s Number of events: full mixing, 5 years run @ 4.5(6.76)x1019 pot / year

  12. CNGS schedule

  13. OPERA construction tasks and schedule • Spectrometer :Magnet, RPC, XPC and Precision Tracker • Veto and Beam monitoring • Target : Brick wall and Target Tracker • DAQ • Brick production and Handling • Scanning and Computing

  14. OPERA construction tasks and schedule

  15. 12 Fe slabs in total 8.2 m Fe (5 cm) RPC Spectrometer construction Tests at Frascati lab Total Fe weight ~ 1 kton coil B= 1.55 T slabs base

  16. Spectrometer construction Aug 2003

  17. Spectrometer construction Dec 2003

  18. Precision tracker • Electronics • FE : board ready • TDC : chip tested, board being designed • DAQ : running • HV board : final design in progress Full size prototype as seen from the top • Performance: • efficiency: 99.1% • resolution:  300 μm

  19. Target tracker 7m • XY planes, 7000m2 in total • 32256 Scintillator strips7m x 2.5cm x1cm • AMCRYS-H (Kharkov) + Kuraray WLS • 1000 MaPMT Hamamatsu 64channels • Dedicated Front End electronics for gain correction • Autotriggerable and threshold @ 1/5 p.e

  20. Target tracker first wall constructed (Strasbourg)

  21. Target tracker delivery • Produce about 8 modules/week. • Delivery at GS (modules already calibrated): • 16modules February 2004 • 56 modules May 2004 • 56 modules July 2004 • 56 modules September 2004 • 56 modules November 2004 • 56 modules January 2005 • 56 modules March 2005 • 56 modules May 2005 • 56 modules July 2005 • 40 modules September 2005 • TT installation: 31/03/2004 to 18/01/2006 TT Walls will be mounted outside (about 15 walls prepared in advance) and slided inside the detector after each brick wall installation.

  22. 1) A Smart (Ethernet capable) F/E card • TT : at the PM level • RPC, PT : plane or station level 2) A distributed synchronization scheme (time + deterministic commands) 3) A network architecture with different levels of switches up to the event building work stations 100 Mbits switch The 3 ingredients of the DAQ architecture Same architecture for : target tracker, RPC and Precision tracker

  23. Pb t        t  t    1 mm ECC components: emulsion & lead Mass production starts April 2003 (~150 000 m2) Refreshing done in the Tono Mine in Japan : 2 years duration One batch sent to LNGS every 2 months starting august 2003  emulsion storage ready @ LNGS (Hall B) june 2003 100mm 125mm Lead from Boliden

  24. Brick Manipulator prototype (LAPP Annecy) Naples-Frascati wall CCD Camera The Vacuum sucker Vehicle (VV) VV cable loop driving system VV cable 50 bricks/day ~ 3 hours

  25. Emulsion scanning European prototype sq ~ 2mrad sx ~ 0.5mm Dedicated hardware Hard coded algorithms Commercial products Software algorithms Routine 5cm2/hr Near future  20cm2/hr S-UTS prototype at Nagoya

  26. Emulsion scanning: ντ→τ-→m- simulated & reconstructed event

  27. Important milestones • november 2003 started SM1 Magnet RPC installation • June 2004 starts SM1 Target installation • January 2005 BAM and BMS installation • July 2005 starts filling bricks

  28. Conclusions • Detector construction and installation • Mass production started • Large and complex detector installation started • Detector (and CNGS beam !) will be ready in 2006 • Important Physics Program • First evidence of nm-nt appearance in few years data taking • In a five years run: 7(11) signal(@2.0 x 10-3 eV2)and 0.7(1.) background events • Studies to improve efficiency and to reduce the background • Multi prong t decay channel under study • Measurement of q13( See talk by P.Migliozzi )

  29. 5 years 3 years OPERA Sensitivity 5 years data taking m2 = 1.2x10-3 eV2 at full mixing sin2 (2) = 6.0x10-3 at large m2

  30. Brick Assembling Machine (BAM) schedule • Final specifications:December 2002 • End of market search:March 2003 • Technical audit:April 2003 • Call for tenders:May to October 2003 • Firm selection: November 2003 • Ordering:December-January 2003 • Construction and tests in the firm:January 2003 to February 2005 • Delivery at Gran Sasso laboratory: March 2005 • Assembly, installation:April 2005 • Production acceptance tests at Gran Sasso: May to July 2005 • Brick mass production: September 2005 to August 2006

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