1 / 16

Minerals & Rocks

Minerals & Rocks. Chapters 4 & 5. 4.1 Properties of Minerals. What is a mineral? Naturally occurring Inorganic (not made from living things) Solid Crystal structure Definite chemical composition. 4.1 Properties of Minerals. Identifying Minerals Color Color of mineral Streak

manning
Download Presentation

Minerals & Rocks

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Minerals & Rocks Chapters 4 & 5

  2. 4.1 Properties of Minerals • What is a mineral? • Naturally occurring • Inorganic (not made from living things) • Solid • Crystal structure • Definite chemical composition

  3. 4.1 Properties of Minerals • Identifying Minerals • Color • Color of mineral • Streak • color when rubbed on streak plate • Luster • How mineral reflects light

  4. 4.1 Properties of Minerals • Density • Mass in given volume (“heft”) • Crystal Structure • 6 types / different crystal shapes • Cleavage & Fracture • Way mineral breaks apart • Hardness • Mohs hardness scale ranking

  5. 4.1 Mohs Hardness Scale

  6. 4.2 How Minerals Form • 2 Ways minerals form • Form deep in earth’s crust as magma or lava cools • Form on earth’s surface when water containing dissolved minerals evaporates • Cooling rate determines crystal size • Fast = small Slow = large

  7. 5.1 Rock Classification • Minerals • Make up rocks • ~20 different types • Elements, Compounds • Identified by: • Color, luster, streak, cleavage / fracture pattern, hardness, density

  8. 5.1 Rock Classification • Rocks • Move & change due to earth’s forces • 1000’s of different types • 3 basic categories: • Sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic

  9. 5.1 Rock Classification • Rock Classification • Color & texture provide clues to mineral composition • Texture = look & feel of rock’s surface

  10. 5.2 Igneous Rocks • Igneous Rocks • Formed from magma or lava • Classified by: texture, origin, mineral composition • Extrusive – formed from erupted lava • Intrusive – formed from magma hardened beneath earth’s surface

  11. 5.2 Igneous Rocks • Cooling & grain size • slow cooling (intrusive)  coarse, large grains • Fast cooling  small, fine grains, glassy texture

  12. 5.3 Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary Rock • Formed when particles of rocks or plant/animal remains are pressed & cemented together

  13. 5.3 Sedimentary Rocks • Steps in forming Sedimentary Rock • Erosion: wind, water loosen rock fragments • Deposition: sediment settles out of water/wind  deposited • Compaction: pressed together • Cementation: minerals dissolve to form “glue” to hold particles together

  14. 5.3 Sedimentary Rocks • Types of Sedimentary Rock • Clastic: from rock particles • Organic: from living things • Chemical: from dissolved minerals

  15. 5.5 Metamorphic Rocks • Metamorphic Rock • Form from heat & pressure beneath Earth’s surface • From igneous or sedimentary rocks • Classified by grain arrangement

  16. 5.6 Rock Cycle • Rock Cycle Animation

More Related