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Nuclear Power

06.12.2011. Nuclear Power. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy. FISSION. Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction Nuclear Energy. FISSION. Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction Nuclear Energy.

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Nuclear Power

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  1. 06.12.2011 Nuclear Power The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy

  2. FISSION • Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission • Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction • Nuclear Energy

  3. FISSION • Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission • Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction • Nuclear Energy

  4. Fission Mechanism: fission barrier spherical nucleus

  5. Spontaneous Fission: Fissility(derivation: Demtröder 4, p.164) • surface: • Coulomb: spontaneous fission: → fissility: → spontaneous fission: or example: : … deformation Bethe-Weizsäcker-formula

  6. FISSION • Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission • Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction • Nuclear Energy

  7. Neutron-Induced Fission 1934 Enrico Fermi: new elements by impact of neutrons on Uranium → β-active products 1939 F. Straßmann, Lise Meitner, O. Hahn: - discovered Barium as one of these products => fission:

  8. Neutron-Induced Fission Uranium Plutonium

  9. Neutron-Induced Fission: Fission Fragments minimum: maximum:

  10. Chain Reaction

  11. Chain Reaction • chain reaction: • since , a multi- plicative effect can occur • number of neutrons will be multiplied • reaction rate incrases

  12. Chain Reaction: Multiplication Factor supercritical regime → chain reaction • sub-critical regime → no chain reaction critical regime → constant reaction • dependency: • non fissioning absorbtion • diffusion • … • mass (k=1 => critical mass)

  13. FISSION • Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission • Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction • Nuclear Energy

  14. Nuclear Energy • exothermic nuclear reactions: • α-decay: • fission: • energy release for : → … sum of the kinetic energies of the fission fragments

  15. Binding energy per nucleon B/A(120) = 8.5MeV B/A(240) = 7.6MeV

  16. Picture Credits • http://www.zamandayolculuk.com/cetinbal/nuclearchemistry.htm • A.Junghans • http://frank.mtsu.edu/~phys3110/Syllabus/Examples/CH_11/EX_11_VII/ex_11_vii.html • W. Demröder: (Springer, Heidelberg, 1998) Kern-, Teilchen- und Astrophysik 4 • http://www3.mpch-mainz.mpg.de/~elbert/geschichte.htm • J.Grehn, J.Krause: (Schroedel Verlag, Hannover, 1998) Metzler Physik • http://clautechonolgyblog.wordpress.com/ • http://thushararadioactivity.blogspot.com/ • J.L.Basdevant, J.Rich, M. Spiro: (Springer, Heidelberg, 2005) Fundamentals in Nuclear Physics • http://www.nucleonica.net/wiki/images/d/d4/NuclideChart.pdf

  17. References • J.L.Basdevant, J.Rich, M. Spiro: (Springer, Heidelberg, 2005) Fundamentals in Nuclear Physics – From nuclear structure to cosmology • W. Demröder: (Springer, Heidelberg, 1998) Kern-, Teilchen- und Astrophysik 4 • Horst Hänsel / Werner Neuman: (Spektrum, Akad. Verl., Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford, 1995) Physik – Atome, Atomkerne, Elementarteilchen • Dr. Arnd Junghans (Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics)

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