The Ottoman Empire

4. The Ottoman Empire

5. Ottoman Map 1

6. What’s the difference? Republic Empire

7. Ottoman Empire & WWI Ottomans & Central Powers lose We surrender!

8. Results of WWI & Partitioning San-Remo Agreement (1920) Ottoman’s lose their land; British and French partitioned (divided) the Middle East in to countries

10. Stateless Nations groups with no country Palestinians

11. Israelis(Jewish) Palestinians(Muslim & Arab)

12. Palestinian Fight • PLO – Palestinian Liberation Organization • Hamas – seen as a terrorist group by Israeli government • Latest violence

17. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? David Ben-Gurion, the main founder and first Prime Minister of Israel, reading the 1948 Declaration of Independence of the State of Israel in the Tel Aviv Museum of Art in Israel.

18. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? Overview: Of the modern world conflicts, few, if any, have lasted as long as the fight between the Palestinians and Israelis. This conflict has its origins in the creation of Israel as a Jewish state in 1948. Since Israel’s formation, the Jewish Israelis and Arab Muslim Palestinians have fought over who should control the country. The focus of this DBQ is on why such a controversial Jewish state was allowed to form in the first place. Israelis(Jewish) Palestinians(Muslim & Arab)

19. DOCUMENT BASED QUESTIONS …or DBQfor short

20. What is DBQ? • a way to learn about the past • students carefully investigate multiple documents in order to answer a question about the past Student = Historian

21. What do we do with documents? We investigate these documents in order to draw conclusions about the past. • History is an accountof the past. • There are always differentaccounts. • Looking at multipledocuments(evidence) will give us a better picture of what an event was really like.

22. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? The Documents: Document A: The First Covenant Document B: The Israeli Declaration of Independence Document C: The Jewish State Document D: A View of the Holocaust: the Enemy Document E: The Balfour Declaration

23. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? Hook: Who Gets it?

24. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? Background Essay

25. 1 2 5 12 3 4 6

26. 7 10 8 11 9

27. Jewish Diaspora the forced scattering of Jewish people from their homeland by foreign invaders (ex. Babylonians, Mongols, Romans)

29. Russia Europe • Jewish • Diaspora “Israel” “Promised Land “Canaan” “Palestine” North Africa

32. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? Background Essay Questions

33. Pre-Bucketing What kind of answer do you need to give to the DBQ question? • agree OR disagree • yes OR no • reasons for something Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948?

34. Pre-Bucketing If you are looking for reasonswhy Israel was created, how could you label each bucket? Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3

35. Pre-Bucketing Directions: Using any clues from the DBQ question and the document titles on the cover page, think of possible analytical categories and label the buckets. You will you these buckets to collect and sort evidence from the documents.

36. Pre-Bucketing Think of the buckets as the categories in which you will sort and collect your evidence from the documents. Each bucket will hold information about the same topic and later become a paragraph in your DBQ essay. Doc A Doc B Doc C Doc E Doc D Doc G

37. Pre-Bucketing Using any cluesfrom the DBQ question and the document titles on the cover page, can you think of possible analytical categories to label the buckets? Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3

38. Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948? The Documents: Document A: The First Covenant Document B: The Israeli Declaration of Independence Document C: The Jewish State Document D: A View of the Holocaust: the Enemy Document E: The Balfour Declaration

39. Pre-Bucketing What are the bucket?

40. Pre-Bucketing What are the buckets? International support Jewish persecution Biblical support

41. Pre-Bucketing Rewrite each bucket in your own words. You may not use any of the original words or their root words . International support Jewish persecution Biblical support

42. Document Analysis The Documents: Document A: The First Covenant Document B: The Israeli Declaration of Independence Document C: The Jewish State Document D: A View of the Holocaust: the Enemy Document E: The Balfour Declaration Why was Israel created as a Jewish state in 1948?

43. 1 Document A 2 SOURCE: Torah portion, Lekh L'kha, taken from the Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures. The Jewish Publication Society. Philadelphia, PA. 1985. 3 Genesis 12:1 - 7 1 The Lord said to Abram, Go forth from your native land and from your father's house to the land that I will show you. 2 I will make of you a great nation,And I will bless you;I will make your name great,And you shall be a blessing.3 I will bless those who bless youAnd curse him that curses you;And all the families of the earthShall bless themselves by you." 4 Abram went forth as the Lord had commanded him, and Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he left Haran. 5 Abram took his wife Sarai and his brother's son Lot, and all the wealth that they had amassed, and the persons that they had acquired in Haran; and they set out for the land of Canaan. When they arrived in the land of Canaan, 6 Abram passed through the land as far as the site of Shechem, at the terebinth of Moreh. The Canaanites were then in the land. 7 The Lord appeared to Abram and said, "I will assign this land to your heirs." And he built an altar there to the Lord who had appeared to him. 4 5 6 7

44. Sourcing Where did the document come from? Why does it matter where it cam from?

45. HOLY BOOK/ SACRED TEXT • Torah: the first five books in the Hebrew scriptures. • Tanakh: the rest of the Old Testament

46. TORAH 10 Commandments

47. Mesopotamia Ur

48. Quoting Text 1) Direct quote “After being forcibly exiled from their land, the people kept faith with it throughout their Dispersion [Diaspora] and never ceased to pray and hope for their return to it and for the restoration in it of their political freedom” (Doc B). 2) Paraphrased/summarized After begin forced out of their land in the Diaspora, the Jews kept praying and hoping to get their land back (Doc B). 3) Quote fragment • The Jews “never ceased to pray and hope for their return to [Israel] and for the restoration in [Israel] of their political freedom” (Doc B). • The Jews were “forcibly exiled from their land” (Doc B). • “ . . . The people kept faith with [Israel] throughout their Dispersion [Diaspora]” (Doc B).

49. Document B SOURCE: published in the Official Gazette: Number 1; Tel Aviv, 5 Iyar 5708, 14.5.1948. Page 1 *The Official Gazette is the newspaper of record for the State of Israel, in which official records and laws are published. NOTE: On May 14, 1948, on the day in which the British Mandate over Palestine expired, the Jewish People's Council gathered at the Tel Aviv Museum, and approved the following proclamation, declaring the establishment of the State of Israel. The new state was recognized that night by the United States and three days later by the USSR.

50. How to make an inferenceDocument B Ask yourself, “Why would the Jews not want to stay in Europe after the Holocaust?” • Even after the Holocaust, Nazis and their supporters still lived in Europe. There was probably still anti-Semitism in Europe. • Jews didn’t feel safe. • They didn’t know if another Holocaust would happen again. • Jews were traumatized by events. • Jewish houses, businesses, synagogues, families, and possessions destroyed. Life as they knew it was gone.