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A survey of Canadian financial institutions

A survey of Canadian financial institutions. FI in Canada. Deposit-taking FI Insurance companies Asset management companies Investment Banks and Finance Companies. Deposit-taking FI. Take deposits and make loans

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A survey of Canadian financial institutions

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  1. A survey of Canadian financial institutions

  2. FI in Canada • Deposit-taking FI • Insurance companies • Asset management companies • Investment Banks and Finance Companies

  3. Deposit-taking FI Take deposits and make loans Profit is realized from the difference between interest charged on loans and interest paid on deposit Engaging in other financial activities lately

  4. Deposit-taking FI Banks • Schedule I Banks: The big six + two • Schedule II Near Banks • Trust and Mortgage Loan corporations • Local Credit Unions and Caisses Populaires

  5. Chartered Banks Schedule I: Most Canadian owned banks Schedule II: Foreign owned banks Schedule III: Foreign banks taking only wholesale deposits

  6. Schedule I Chartered Banks Royal Bank (Toronto)‏ Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (Toronto)‏ Bank of Montreal (Toronto)‏ Bank of Nova Scotia (Toronto)‏ Toronto Dominion Bank (Toronto)‏ National Bank of Canada (Montreal)‏ Laurentian Bank of Canada (Montreal)‏ Canadian Western Bank (Edmonton)‏

  7. Schedule II Banks Usually, subsidiaries of foreign banks in Canada Became chartered as Schedule II banks in the 1980 Bank Act revision Commercial loans to companies Very limited retail banking services to individuals

  8. Schedule II Banks HSBC Bank Canada Credit Lyonnais Canada ABN AMRO Bank Canada Banca Commercialle Italiana of Canada Amex Bank of Canada Citibank Canada USB Bank etc.

  9. The Near Banks • Trust and Mortgage Loan corporations • Local Credit Unions and Caisses Populaires

  10. Insurance companies Are in the business of reallocating risk Actuarial liabilities: the PV of obligations to policy holders

  11. The Insurance Industry • Life Insurance Companies • Property and Casualty Insurance Companies

  12. Asset Management Companies Managing the investments of people who do not wish to do it on their own Involves partial disintermediation: the FI acts only as an agent

  13. Asset management vs. Asset administration Asset administration: involves maintaining custody of the asset; no discretion over its sale or purchase is allowed Asset management: discretion over the disposal of assets

  14. The Asset Managers Pension Funds Mutual Funds

  15. Pension Plans Government pension plans • Old age security • Canada Pension Plan • Quebec Pension Plan Personal pension plans • RRSP Private pension plans

  16. Mutual Funds Special-purpose investment vehicles professionally managed that allow unit holders to hold shares in diversified pool of assets

  17. Mutual Funds Open-end funds: units (shares) are marked to market to reflect NAV - NAV = (mkt. value of assets - payables)/no. of units Closed-end funds: units (shares) sell at a price determined by the market, like any other security

  18. Mutual funds: distributors Investment dealers: 50% Banks: 30% Other: 20%

  19. Mutual funds: assets by fund type

  20. Investment Banks and Finance Companies Use their expertise to meet specialized financial needs Unlike banks, they do not book most of the assets they handle

  21. Investment Banks and Finance Companies Investment Banks service financial markets Finance Companies extend specialized credit

  22. Investment Banks Also known as: • Investment Dealers (Canada)‏ • Broker-Dealers (US)‏ • Securities Firm (US)‏ • Merchant Bank (UK)‏

  23. Investment Banks: Main activities • Retail brokerage • Wholesale brokerage

  24. Retail brokerage Discount (bare-bone) brokerage • Simple execution of trade requested by client • Competition based solely on size of commission Full service brokerage • Provides investment advice and charges higher commissions

  25. Wholesale brokerage Investing • Managing assets for own account or for others Underwriting and distribution of primary and secondary securities • Private placements: less stringent disclosure • Public offerings: IPO, SEO, bonds, etc, must be registered • Depending on the risk assumed by the bank, underwriting can be full or best-effort. Mergers & Acquisitions advisory work • Deal-making Market making & principal trading • Maintaining a continuos bid-ask spread backed by inventory - a secondary market - for an asset. The biggest investment dealers are also primary dealers for securities issued by the government. Other • Custody, escrow, clearance and settlement services

  26. Finance companies Nondeposit-taking institutions that provide financing for business and consumers Acceptance financing • buying extendet payment plans at a discount • owned by GM, Ford, Chrysler Leasing • Financial • Operating Factoring • purchasing accounts receivable at a discount

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