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EG2234 Earth Observation

EG2234 Earth Observation. Applications of Remote sensing. TOPICS. Quantitative remote sensing Rainfall estimation Land surface temperature Proxy air temperature NDVI, albedo, wind-speed and others Disaster Management Human Health Hydrodynamics. Quantitative remote sensing?.

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EG2234 Earth Observation

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  1. EG2234Earth Observation Applications of Remote sensing

  2. TOPICS • Quantitative remote sensing • Rainfall estimation • Land surface temperature • Proxy air temperature • NDVI, albedo, wind-speed and others • Disaster Management • Human Health • Hydrodynamics

  3. Quantitative remote sensing? • Estimation of a physical quantity • Proxy environmental variables • Application driven • Less science and more operational • Makes use of algorithms • Interfaces with environmental models

  4. Applications that use quantitative RS • Agriculture • NDVI, temperature, rainfall • Health • NDVI, temperature, rainfall, dust, wind • Hydrology • Rainfall • Climate change • NDVI, temperature, rainfall • Weather forecasting • Winds, rainfall

  5. Rainfall estimation • Cold Cloud Duration (CCD) using Meteosat • Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission using radar (TRMM) • Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) rainfall measurement using microwave instruments

  6. Land Surface Temperature • Thermal infrared images provide an estimate of the magnitude of radiant energy • Radiance (usually expressed as watts per square metre) can be converted to temperature via an instrument-specific algorithm • Energy (and hence temperature) is of the land surface (LST) • LST may be converted to a proxy air temperature by means of a solar correction algorithm

  7. Other quantitative measurements • NDVI • Albedo • Wind speed • Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) • Soil moisture • Tropospheric humidity

  8. NDVI • Monitoring • Habitat modelling • Hydrology

  9. VISIBLE • Albedo • Weather Fcst.

  10. WATER VAPOUR • Cloud motion • Troposphere

  11. Disaster Management • Wildfires Volcanic eruptions • Avalanche Tsunami • Earthquake Landslides • Flooding Extreme weather • Drought Disease • Refugees Military Uses of RS for Disaster Management

  12. Disaster Management PLANNING MITIGATION Monitoring situations Deployment of resources Decision-making Public relations Modelling Assessment Prediction Contingency COST EFFECTIVENESS !!!

  13. QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

  14. Human Health • Health and disease often has a spatial component • Climatic, environmental and socio-economic variables affect health • Epidemics and outbreaks spread across a region – either as a function of movement of people or environmental factors

  15. Hydrodynamics stream stream stream river river river stream estuary THE SEA

  16. Hydrodynamics From DeMers, 2002

  17. Hydrodynamics From DeMers, 2002

  18. Further Reading Cresswell MP, Morse AP, Thomson MC and Connor SJ. (1999). Estimating surface air temperatures from Meteosat land surface temperatures using an empirical solar zenith angle model. International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol 20 (6), 1125-1132. Lethbridge M. (1967). Precipitation probability and satellite radiation data. Monthly Weather Review, Vol 95 (7), 487-490 Milford J and Dugdale G. (1990). Estimation of rainfall using geostationary satellite data. In Applications of Remote Sensing in Agriculture. Edited by Steven M and Clark J. Published by Butterworths, London Dugdale G, Hardy S and Milford J. (1991). Daily catchment rainfall estimated from Meteosat. Hydrological Processes, Vol 5, 261-270

  19. Further Reading TRMM Website: http://www.eorc.nasda.go.jp/TRMM/index_e.htm SSM/I Website: http://nsidc.org/data/docs/daac/ssmi_instrument.gd.html/ TAMSAT (CCD Rainfall) Website: http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/tamsat/

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