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The Human Body

The Human Body. Levels of Organization in the Body. Cells Tissues Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous Organs Examples include stomach, liver, heart Organ Systems Examples include digestive and circulatory systems. Tissues in the Human Body. Epithelial Covering or lining tissue

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The Human Body

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  1. The Human Body

  2. Levels of Organization in the Body • Cells • Tissues • Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous • Organs • Examples include stomach, liver, heart • Organ Systems • Examples include digestive and circulatory systems

  3. Tissues in the Human Body • Epithelial • Covering or lining tissue • Connective • Joins, stores and supports • Muscle • Internal and external movement • Nerve • Conducts electrical signals Blood Muscle Nerve

  4. Skeletal Muscular Circulatory Immune Respiratory Digestive Excretory Reproductive Nervous Endocrine Integumentary Human Organ Systems

  5. Cranium (skull) Mandible (jaw)

  6. Clavicle (collarbone) Sternum (breastbone) Humerus (upper arm) Rib Vertebra (backbone)

  7. Pelvis Radius (forearm) Ulna Carpals (wrist) Metacarpals (hand) Phalanges (fingers)

  8. Femur (thigh) Patella (knee cap) Tibia (lower leg) Fibula Tarsals (ankle) Metatarsals (foot) Phalanges (toes)

  9. What are the main functions of the skeletal system? • Framework and support of body • Where muscles attach • Protects internal organs • Storage of vitamins and minerals (calcium), and bone marrow (produces blood cells)

  10. What types of tissues make up the skeletal system? • Connective tissue • Cartilage made of protein fibers • Bone is formed during “ossification” when cartilage hardens

  11. What are bones? • A solid network of LIVING cells and protein fibers that are surrounded by deposits of calcium salts.

  12. What is the advantage of spongy bone tissue in the ends of long bones? • The ends of the bone is where force is applied • Spongy bone adds strength without adding mass

  13. Which cells are produced in red bone marrow? • Red blood cells • carry oxygen • Some white blood cells • Killer T cells • B cells (produce antibodies) • Platelets • help with blood clotting

  14. Compact bone (dense bone) Haversian Canal (contains blood vessels) Spongy bone (adds strength without mass) Periosteum (tough layer of connective tissue surrounding bone)

  15. Joints • Place where one bone attaches to another • Immovable joints (fixed) • Example: bones of skull • Slightly moveable joints • Example: joints between vertebrae • Freely moveable joints • Examples: Shoulder, Knee, Elbow, Hand

  16. Freely Moveable Joints

  17. Freely Moveable Joints

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