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SOURCES OF SUPPORT FOR “CONSERVATIVE REVOLUTIONARY” WRITERS

SOURCES OF SUPPORT FOR “CONSERVATIVE REVOLUTIONARY” WRITERS. The June Club, founded in Berlin to revive the “Spirit of 1914” and reconstituted by its most conservative members in 1924/25 as the Herrenklub The “Stahlhelm: League of Combat Veterans”

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SOURCES OF SUPPORT FOR “CONSERVATIVE REVOLUTIONARY” WRITERS

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  1. SOURCES OF SUPPORT FOR “CONSERVATIVE REVOLUTIONARY” WRITERS • The June Club, founded in Berlin to revive the “Spirit of 1914” and reconstituted by its most conservative members in 1924/25 as the Herrenklub • The “Stahlhelm: League of Combat Veterans” • The German Nationalist Union of Commercial Employees (DHV) and its “Hanseatic Press” • The Benedictine Monastery of Maria Laach, which organized retreats for Catholic monarchists • The magazine Die Tat, which hired the “conservative revolutionary” Hans Zehrer as chief editor in 1929

  2. Lieutenant Ernst Jünger(1895-1998):Photographed soon after the war’s end with thePour le mérite(the “Blue Max”):Storm of Steel (1920) made him famous….

  3. “And You?”(Stahlhelm poster, 1932):This “League of Combat Veterans” grew to about 300,000 members in the mid-1920s.

  4. A provincial Stahlehlm rally proclaimed in September 1928 that “We hate with all our souls the current state form, because it hinders the liberation of our enslaved Fatherland.” Here 50,000 attend a Berlin Stahlhelm rally in 1929

  5. The “First President” of the Stahlhelm, Franz Seldte, supported the DVP, but his “Co-President” Theodor Duesterberg, pushed for a rightist “National Front” The DNVP supported Duesterberg for President in March 1932

  6. “Whoever desires a true NATIONAL COMMUNITY votes for Duesterberg, the German man” (March 1932):Duesterberg was shocked to learn during the campaign that his own grandfather was Jewish….

  7. Emblem of the German Nationalist Union of Commercial Employees (DHV),Hamburg, 1899:“United and Strong, German to the core!”(With monument to the victory of the ancient Germans over the Roman legions in the Battle of Teutoberg Forest)

  8. In this poster from 1906 and postcard from 1901, the DHV seeks to rally white-collar workers behind demands for old-age pensions, guaranteed Sunday holidays, and other typical demands of the labor movement.

  9. The DHV chair Hans Bechly (left) joined the DVP and sought to strengthen the political middle, but his director of political education, Max Habermann, insisted that the DHV publicize Young Conservative and even Nazi writers By 1932 a large majority of DHV members voted Nazi, even though DHV leaders backed Brüning

  10. Hitler as the heir to Frederick the Great and Bismarck(postcard from 1933)

  11. Hitler and the Crown Prince, March 21, 1933

  12. A DNVP youth group marches through Potsdam, March 1933

  13. Edgar Jung (1894-1934) • Free Corps veteran • 1924: Organized the assassination of pro-French separatists in Speyer, then opened law practice in Munich • 1927: Published The Regime of the Inferior • 1932: Advisor and speechwriter for Chancellor Papen • June 1934: Shot on Hitler’s orders for writing Papen’s Marburg Speech

  14. The monastery church at Maria Laach, the Benedictine Abbey restored in the 1890s. By 1932 the monks expected a Red Revolution and called for a new “Holy Roman Empire.”

  15. The monks celebrated the advent of the 3rd Reich in 1933, but when Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick visited them, he reproached them for not following German artistic models

  16. THE DISILLUSIONMENT OF ABBOT ILDEFONS HERWEGEN April 1933: Writes all bishops to advocate “an unambiguous YES to the New State.” May 28, 1933: Addresses mass rally in Cologne to urge all Catholics to participate in Third Reich. June 1933: Grants sanctuary to his boyhood friend Konrad Adenauer. January 1934: Tells another monk that “Hitler had a good idea, but his ‘helpers’ have gotten out of control. He has grave objections to the sterilizations, persecution of religious youth groups, and suppression of all criticism.” March 1934: Tells another monk that “We are governed by criminals.”

  17. Hitler shows Mussolini the conference room in East Prussia where he was almost killed on July 20, 1944 Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg

  18. Field Marshall Erwin von Witzleben before the“People’s Tribunal” in Berlin (executed on August 8)

  19. Carl Goerdeler before the People’s Tribunal, August 1944

  20. The execution chamber where the death agony of the ringleaders was filmed for Hitler’s entertainment

  21. OVERVIEW OF “RESISTANCE” PROTAGONISTS

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