Sarah and Angelina Grimké

1. Sarah and Angelina Grimké By Kendall Smith and Cooper Kwiatkowski

2. Biography • American antislavery crusaders, women’s rights advocates • Born in S.C. in 1792 (Sarah) and 1805 (Angelina) • Supported abolition, women’s suffrage when young • Raised by slave-owner among 14 children • Father refused to educate them • Girls taught themselves from family library

3. More Biography • Moved to P.A., then N.J. • Became Quakers • Lectured about slavery and women’s rights • Expelled from Society of Friends • Ran boarding school • Angelina married abolitionist Theodore Dwight Weld • Died 1873 (Sarah) and 1879 (Angelina) in M.A.

4. Abolition and Women’s Rights • Supported freedom of slaves, suffrage for women • Movements popular in North, hated in South

5. Contributions to Women’s Rights and Abolition • Angelina wrote letter to William Lloyd Garrison • Published in abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator • Angelina wrote “An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South,” opposing slavery • Sarah wrote “An Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States” • Exposed ministry’s cruelty toward slaves • Toured 67 cities in Northeast

6. More Contributions to Women’s Rights and Abolition • Part of American Anti-Slavery society • Addressed small groups of women in private homes • Grew into appearances before large mixed audiences • Angelina wrote “Appeal to the Women of the Nominally Free States” • Angelina wrote “Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Woman” • Collaborated with Weld on “Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses”

7. Effects of Contributions • Spread awareness • First women to testify in legislature concerning African-American rights • Angelina first woman to address mixed audience • Sarah wrote nation’s first feminist tract • First public slavery debate between man and woman • Influenced feminist leaders Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Harriet Jane Robinson

8. Primary Sources • Grimke, Angelina Emily. "Appeal to the Christian Women of the South." Appeal to the Christian Women of the South (1836): n. pag. Uncle Tom's Cabin & American Culture. Web. 8 Mar. 2012. http://utc.iath.virgina.edu/abolitn/      abesaegat.html. • Grimke, A. E. "Prejudice." Letters to Catherine E. Beecher, In Reply to An Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism, Addressed to A. E. Grimke 7 (1838): n. pag.      Print.

9. Secondary Sources • Snodgrass, Mary Ellen. “Grimké, Sarah (1792-1873) and Grimké, Angelina (1805-1879).” Encyclopedia of Feminist Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. American Women’s history Online. Facts On File, Inc. 7 Mar 2012. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE42&iPin=ELF227&SingleRecord=True • “People and Ideas: Angelina and Sarah Grimké.” God in America. WGBH Educational Foundation, 17 10 2010. Web. 7 Mar 2012. http://www.pbs.org/godinamerica/people/angelina-grimke.html • “Sarah Grimké and Angelina Grimké Weld.” Women Working, 1800-1930. Harvard College, n.d. Web. 7 Mar 2012. http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/grimke.html. • “Angelina and Sarah Grimké: Abolitionist Sisters.” History Now. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, 2009. Web. 7 03 2012. http://www.gilderlehrman.org/historynow/09_2005/historian3.php