The Top 10 Basics of Special Education

1. The Top 10 Basics of Special Education Produced by NICHCY, 2007 The final 5 of

2. Acronyms Defined 5 Produced by NICHCY, 2007 IEP TA&D IDEA LRE FAPE These don’t add up to 10!

3. Definitions 10 “All right, now I’ll have 5real words in phrases, please.” Produced by NICHCY, 2007

4. Produced by NICHCY, 2007 (a) General. (1) Child with a disabilitymeans a child evaluated in accordance with §§300.304 through 300.311 as having mental retardation, a hearing impairment (including deafness), a speech or language impairment, a visual impairment (including blindness), a serious emotional disturbance (referred to in this part as ‘‘emotional disturbance’’), an orthopedic impairment, autism, traumatic brain injury, an other health impairment, a specific learning disability, deaf-blindness, or multiple disabilities, and who, by reason thereof, needs special education and related services. (2)(i) Subject to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section, if it is determined, through an appropriate evaluation under §§300.304 through 300.311, that a child has one of the disabilities identified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, but only needs a related service and not special education, the child is not a child with a disability under this part. (ii) If, consistent with §300.39(a)(2), the related service required by the child is considered special education rather than a related service under State standards, the child would be determined to be a child with a disability under paragraph (a)(1) of this section. Childwith a Disability Definition #6

5. Child with a disabilitymeans a child evaluated in accordance with §§300.304 through 300.311 as having… • autism • deaf-blindness • deafness • emotional disturbance • hearing impairment • mental retardation • multiple disabilities • orthopedic impairment • other health impairment • specific learning disability • speech or language impairment • traumatic brain injury or • visual impairment (including blindness) …and who, by reason thereof, needs special education and related services.

6. Who, by reason thereof… Produced by NICHCY, 2007

7. *(or any subset of that age range) C hild with a Disability Under §300.8(b), a State may adopt a definition of “child with a disability” that includes: Children aged 3 through 9* who are experiencing “developmental delays” Produced by NICHCY, 2007

8. D evelopmental Delay? Defined by the State Measured by appropriate diagnostic instruments and procedures, in 1 or more of these areas: • physical development • cognitive development • communication development • social or emotional development or • adaptive development Produced by NICHCY, 2007 Definition includes that all-important “by reason thereof ”

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10. Special Education Definition #7 …specially designed instruction, at no cost to parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability…” This includes: “(A) instruction conducted in the classroom, in the home, in hospitals and institutions, and in other settings; and “(B) instruction in physical education” Produced by NICHCY, 2007

11. Related Services Definition #8 § 300.34 Related services. (a) General. Related servicesmeans transportation and such developmental, corrective, and other supportive services as are required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education, and includes speech-language pathology and audiology services, interpreting services, psychological services, physical and occupational therapy, recreation, including therapeutic recreation, early identification and assessment of disabilities in children, counseling services, including rehabilitation counseling, orientation and mobility services, and medical services for diagnostic or evaluation purposes. Related services also include school health services and school nurse services, social work services in schools, and parent counseling and training. (b) Exception; services that apply to children with surgically implanted devices, including cochlear implants. (1) Related services do not include a medical device that is surgically implanted, the optimization of that device’s functioning (e.g., mapping), maintenance of that device, or the replacement of that device… Produced by NICHCY, 2007

12. Related Services Definition #8 Related servicesmeans transportation and such developmental, corrective, and other supportive services… …as are required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education… Produced by NICHCY, 2007

13. Related Services Definition #8 …and includes— • speech-language pathology and audiology services • interpreting services • psychological services • physical and occupational therapy • recreation, including therapeutic recreation • early identification and assessment of disabilities in children • counseling services, including rehabilitation counseling • orientation and mobility services • medical services for diagnostic or evaluation purposes • school health services and school nurse services • social work services in schools • parent counseling and training Produced by NICHCY, 2007

14. How in the world would you decide which related services a child needs? Produced by NICHCY, 2007

15. Related Services Definition #8 • Related services do not include: • a medical device that is surgically implanted; • the optimization of that device’s functioning (e.g., mapping); • maintenance of that device; or • the replacement of that device… Exception; services that apply to children with surgically implanted devices, including cochlear implants Produced by NICHCY, 2007

16. Supplementary Aids and Services Supplementary aids and services means aids, services, and other supports that are provided in regular education classes, other education-related settings, and in extracurricular and nonacademic settings, to enable children with disabilities to be educated with nondisabled children to the maximum extent appropriate in accordance with §§300.114 through 300.116… Definition #9 Produced by NICHCY, 2007

17. Transition Services Definition #10 (a) Transition servicesmeans a coordinated set of activities for a child with a disability that— (1) Is designed to be within a results-oriented process, that is focused on improving the academic and functional achievement of the child with a disability to facilitate the child’s movement from school to post-school activities, including postsecondary education, vocational education, integrated employment (including supported employment), continuing and adult education, adult services, independent living, or community participation; (2) Is based on the individual child’s needs, taking into account the child’s strengths, preferences, and interests; and includes— (i) Instruction; (ii) Related services; (iii) Community experiences; (iv) The development of employment and other post-school adult living objectives; and (v) If appropriate, acquisition of daily living skills and provision of a functional vocational evaluation. (b) Transition servicesfor children with disabilities may be special education, if provided as specially designed instruction, or a related service, if required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education. Produced by NICHCY, 2007

18. Produced by NICHCY, 2007 Transition services are intended to help youth with disabilities make the transition from the world of secondary school to the world of adulthood

19. Transition Services Definition #10 Transition servicesmeans a coordinated set of activities for a child with a disability that— (1) Is designed to be within a results-oriented process, that is focused on improving the academic and functional achievement of the child with a disability to facilitate the child’s movement from school to post-school activities, including— • postsecondary education, • vocational education, • integrated employment (including supported employment), • continuing and adult education, • adult services, • independent living, or • community participation Produced by NICHCY, 2007

20. Transition Services Definition #10 (a) Transition services means a coordinated set of activities for a child with a disability that— (1) Is designed to be within a results-oriented process, that is focused on improving the academic and functional achievement of the child with a disability to facilitate the child’s movement from school to post-school activities, including postsecondary education, vocational education, integrated employment (including supported employment), continuing and adult education, adult services, independent living, or community participation; (2) Is based on the individual child’s needs, taking into account the child’s strengths, preferences, and interests; and includes— (i) Instruction; (ii) Related services; (iii) Community experiences; (iv) The development of employment and other post-school adult living objectives; and (v) If appropriate, acquisition of daily living skills and provision of a functional vocational evaluation. Produced by NICHCY, 2007

21. Transition Services Definition #10 (a) Transition services means a coordinated set of activities for a child with a disability that— (1) Is designed to be within a results-oriented process… (2) Is based on the individual child’s needs… …and includes— (i) Instruction; (ii) Related services; (iii) Community experiences; (iv) The development of employment and other post-school adult living objectives; and (v) If appropriate, acquisition of daily living skills and provision of a functional vocational evaluation. Produced by NICHCY, 2007

22. Tired yet? Produced by NICHCY, 2007

23. You’ve just consumed practically the entire platter of special education and IDEA’s most essential concepts and principles. Produced by NICHCY, 2007